Why Cities Grew
In which century did towns begin to grow again in Europe?
In the 11th Century.
What do we call people who buy and sell good?
Merchants.
Who controlled towns at the beginnings of the Middle Ages?
Nobles/monasteries.
What new art and architecture style appeared in the High Middle Ages?
Gothic.
Who brought the Black Death to Europe from Asia?
Italian sailors.
Name ONE reason why more food was produced in the High Middle Ages.
Better farming tools / the three-field system / new ploughs / horses used for ploughing?
What legal document gave towns the right to govern themselves?
A charter/fuero.
Name ONE feature of a gothic cathedral.
Pointed arches/big windows/flying buttresses.
What were some symptoms of the Black Death?
Black marks on the skin, fever.
Why did farmers sell the extra food they produced?
Because they did not need it and wanted to earn more money.
Name one important medieval trade fair.
Champagne (France) or Scarborough (Britain).
Who governed the town after getting a charter?
What were gargoyles used for?
To carry rainwater away from buildings.
Which animal helped to spread the Black Death?
Rats.
How did extra food help trade grow?
People could sell their own food and buy from other people —> booming agricultural economy.
Name one way goods were exported across France.
Sea/river/road.
What is a guild?
An association of artisans working the same job.
The only Name ONE medieval university location.
Bologna/Oxford/Salamanca/Cambridge/Palencia/Paris.
How was the Black Death able to spread so quickly?
People had poor hygiene and lived very close together.
What is one reason that people moved from countrysides to cities?
To find work (as merchants, for example).
Why did kings and nobles want to encourage trade?
To collect more taxes and make more money.
Name something that was controlled by a guild.
Prices/quailty/who could work as an artisan.
They wanted them to help out in legal/admin systems, and be able to start and maintain businesses.
What was the economic consequence of the Black Death?
Many people died, so weather was shared between fewer people. This meant that some individuals became very rich very quickly.