Sedimentary & Metamorphic
Process that break rock into smaller pieces
Weathering
The continuous changing and remaking of rocks
Rock Cycle
When materials are dropped in another location, the final stage of the erosion process
Deposition
Glaciers that form in valleys in high, mountainous areas
Valley Glaciers
When water spills over the sides of a stream’s bank onto the adjacent land
Flood
Pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth surface
Sediments
Repeated thawing and freezing of water in the cracks of rocks
Frost wedging
The loose covering of broken rock particles and decaying organic matter overlying the bedrock of Earth’s surface
Soil
Landslides that occur in mountainous areas with thick accumulations of snow
Avalanches
A bend or curve in a stream channel caused by moving water
Meander
As water evaporates from lakes and oceans, dissolved minerals are left behind - this describes what?
How chemical sedimentary rocks are formed
The reaction of water with other substances
Hydrolysis
The removal and transport of weathered material from one location to another
Erosion
Occurs when particles such as sand rub against the surface of rocks or other materials
Abrasion
Water flowing downslope along Earth’s surface
Runoff
The best known feature of sedimentary rocks
Fossils
The chemical reaction of oxygen with other substances
Oxidation
The 4 ways erosion occurs
Gravity, Running water, Glaciers, Wind
A rapid, downslope movement of Earth materials that occurs when a relatively thin block of loose soil, rock, and debris separates from the underlying bedrock
Landslide
The triangular deposit that forms where a stream enters a large body of water
Delta
The physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks
Lithification
The process by which rocks and minerals undergo changes in their composition as the result of chemical reactions
Chemical weathering
4 factors affect the rate of weathering
Climate = has the greatest influence
Rock type and composition
Surface area
Topography and other variables
The downslope movement of loose sediments and weathered rock resulting from the force of gravity
Mass movement
All particles small enough to be held up by the turbulence of a stream’s moving water
Suspension