Hypothermia/Frostbite
Define frostbite
When skin and tissue become cold enough to freeze.
Are they the same thing?
No.
How do you prevent dehydration?
Drink plenty of water
What is sunburn and how do you treat it?
A perfectly preventable burn. Prevented by wearing sunscreen and/or protective clothing. Treat it with cool water or compresses and aloe vera gel.
What is hyperventilation?
someone who has become anxious or frightened reacting by breathing too quickly. That behavior upsets the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.
Define Hypothermia
When a person's body is losing more heat than it is possible to produce, which causes their core temperature to drop.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion
Symptoms of dehydration
increased thirst, dark urine, tired/weak, nausea, fainting, headache, muscle cramps, confusion, dizziness
Treatment for insect stings
Remove anything left behind like a stinger, wash effected area, use materials or cream appropriate to the bite (calamine, hydrocortisone, ice pack, etc.), monitor symptoms and seek medical care in event of a hurry case.
Symptoms and treatment of hyperventilation
Symptoms: feeling of suffocating, dizziness, disorientation, fearful.
Treatment: speak calmly and quietly with the victim, encourage them to calm down and breath slowly, taking one breath every 5 seconds. Goal is to reduce the amount of air the person is breathing.
Treatment of frostbite
Move to shelter, attempt to warm but keep dry, call/seek help, once there is no chance of the area becoming refrozen rewarm the area in warm water.
symptoms of heat stroke
in addition to symtoms for exhaustion includes, hot/sweaty/or dry red skin, confusion, disoriented, shallow breathing, vomiting, seizures, unconsciousness
What color will my urine be if I am hydrated?
Clear to light yellow
Treatment for Tick bites
Remove tick, wash area, monitor symptoms
What is altitude sickness?
something that occurs when you ascend too quickly to a high altitude. It prevents your body from adjusting to the lower oxygen levels and changes in air pressure.
Symptoms of hypothermia
Feel cold and numb, become tired and disoriented, shiver uncontrollably, make poor decisions, become irritable, stumble and fall or lose consciousness.
Which is more serious
Heat stroke
Caffeine helps prevent dehydration
False. Caffeine can cause greater dehydration.
Treatment for snake bites
Keep calm, remove anything that could restrict swelling, restrict movement, keep bite location level with the heart, DO NOT apply anything including ice or attempt to cut the skin or suck out the venom, DO NOT apply a constricting bandage or belt. Get to medical help ASAP.
Symptoms/Treatment of altitude sickness
Symptoms: headaches, fatigue, drowsiness, confusion, loss of coordination.
Treatment: rest at your current elevation and take anti-sickness medications. Do not go higher. Hydrate.
Treatment of hypothermia
prevent the victim from getting colder, warm them up slowly.
Treatment of both
Lie in a shady place, elevate feet, remove excess clothing, cool the victim with cool cloths, if alert have them drink water. If none of this helps and it is heat stroke call for emergency services immediately while still trying to cool victim.
It's freezing outside. Dehydration isn't an issue.
False.
What is a common theme among all of these first aid related injuries
A lot of the symptoms are similar and so you must pay attention to what is going on or happening in the situation to get a clear picture of what the diagnosis could be.
Recite the Outdoor Code correctly from memory
As an American, I will do my best to
Be clean in my outdoor manners, be careful with fire, be considerate in the outdoors, and be conservation minded.