Hip Flexors
This muscle originates from the iliac fossa and inserts on the lesser trochanter.
Iliacus
The gluteus maximus performs this main motion.
Hip extension and external rotation
Name the three main hip adductors.
Adductor longus, brevis, magnus
The only deep rotator you’re responsible for knowing OIAN for.
Piriformis
Give the origin, insertion, and innervation of the sartorius.
O: ASIS; I: Medial tibia (pes anserine); N: Femoral nerve (L2–L3)
The psoas major originates from these vertebral levels.
Transverse processes and bodies of T12–L5
What is the origin and insertion of the gluteus medius?
O: Outer ilium between iliac crest and gluteal lines; I: Lateral greater trochanter
The gracilis inserts where?
Anterior medial surface of tibia (pes anserine)
The piriformis originates here.
Anterior surface of sacrum
The tensor fascia latae inserts into this thick band on the lateral thigh.
Iliotibial (IT) band
What is the shared action of the iliacus and psoas major?
Hip flexion (and assists in trunk flexion)
What is the innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve (L4–S1)
Which adductor has a dual innervation (obturator and tibial nerves)?
Adductor magnus
The insertion of the piriformis is located where?
Superior border of the greater trochanter
What nerve innervates the tensor fascia latae?
Superior gluteal nerve (L4–S1)
What nerve and roots innervate the iliacus?
Femoral nerve (L2–L3)
What is the action of the gluteus minimus?
Hip abduction and internal rotation
What is the origin and action of the adductor longus?
O: Pubis; A: Hip adduction
What is the action of the piriformis at the hip?
External rotation of the hip
The rectus femoris crosses two joints — what are its actions?
Hip flexion and knee extension
What happens functionally when the iliopsoas acts in a closed chain movement?
Anterior pelvic tilt / trunk flexion
The gluteus maximus is innervated by which nerve and root levels?
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5–S2)
The pectineus is special because it can assist in what additional motion besides adduction?
Hip flexion
What nerve and roots innervate the piriformis?
Nerve to piriformis (S1–S2)
L5, S1, S2
Give the origin, insertion, and innervation of the sartorius.
O: ASIS; I: Medial tibia (pes anserine); N: Femoral nerve (L2–L3)