HIS 103 Exam 3

Civil War

The Failed Promise of Reconstruction

Antebellum Slavery

Indigenous Perspectives

Sectional Crisis

100

What effect did the outbreak of war have on the abolitionist movement?

It caused many people to fall away from the movement.
It intensified debates over abolition.
It led to a growing number of abolitionists in the border states.
It unified abolitionist leaders in opposition to Lincoln's policies on slavery.

It intensified debates over abolition.

100

What proved to be the number-one priority among newly freed enslaved people?

Finding employment
Reuniting their families
Retaliating against their former owners
Getting out of the South

Reuniting their families

100

What did the execution of Nat Turner and his followers in 1831 signal to African Americans?

That only free blacks should organize against slavery
How far whites would go to protect slavery
That whites were right and Nat Turner was wrong
That the American justice system was fair

How far whites would go to protect slavery

100

Why did the Cherokee march from their land in the Southeast to Indian Territory become known as the Trail of Tears?

They were so sad at having to move.
They were beaten and tortured by the U.S. army along the way.
Their leader, Chief Big Tears, died along the way.
It took longer than expected and many people died.

It took longer than expected and many people died.

100

Which southern state led the way for separate state secession?

North Carolina
Virginia
Alabama
South Carolina

South Carolina

200

What experience caused some Union soldiers to change their perceptions of slavery?

The abolition literature that circulated in the nineteenth century
Listening to the rhetoric of Confederate leaders
Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South
Putting their lives on the line to defend the Union

Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South

200

How did landlords exploit laborers under the sharecropping system that arose following the Civil War?

By refusing to rent land to free blacks
By charging high fees for goods and supplies
By paying below-market rates for crops
By sabotaging crop growth

By charging high fees for goods and supplies

200

What moved planters to promote the ideology of white supremacy in the 1830s?

Enslaved people were getting too tricky and rebellious.
Other nations began to abolish slavery.
Poor whites turned against the planters and they needed to win the poor whites back.
Free blacks failed to show they could be as successful as whites.

Other nations began to abolish slavery.

200

What caused the Second Seminole War in the 1830s?

White settlers opened fire on Seminole Indians, against terms of the Indian Removal Act.
The Seminole and the Cherokee fought over lucrative land along the Mississippi River.
The U.S. military forcibly removed Seminoles from their land.
The Seminole Indians attacked white settlers who came to take their land.

The U.S. military forcibly removed Seminoles from their land.

200

How did the acquisition of new territory following war with Mexico shape political life in America in the mid-nineteenth century?

A temporary period of peace and prosperity resulted.
Sectional conflicts over slavery and values increased.
Northerners found themselves with newfound power and authority.
It raised questions about the treatment of Indians.

Sectional conflicts over slavery and values increased.

300

Lincoln believed that embracing emancipation as a war aim would

help keep the border state in the Union.
likely prevent international recognition of the Confederacy.
cause southern cotton markets to collapse.
unnecessarily extend the war.

likely prevent international recognition of the Confederacy.

300

What role did the Freedmen's Bureau play in the lives of newly freed blacks?

It provided them with economic and legal resources.
It encouraged them to move north.
It ensured their access to education and health care.
It promoted a theology of forgiveness.

It provided them with economic and legal resources.

300

Why did the proslavery ruling in the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision backfire on the South?

It convinced Northerners of a proslavery conspiracy in the federal government.
It gave Congress the power to exclude slavery from future territories.
It preserved the right of enslaved people to sue in federal courts.
Since blacks were not citizens, it nullified the three-fifths compromise.

It convinced Northerners of a proslavery conspiracy in the federal government.

300

In 1844, Mexico, Britain, and the Comanches united in contesting newly elected President James K. Polk's position favoring

Texas's sovereignty from Mexico and subsequent U.S. statehood.
U.S. expansion into Oregon and Mexico.
national sovereignty for Indian nations in Indian Territory.
U.S. expansion into Wisconsin and parts of Canada.

U.S. expansion into Oregon and Mexico

300

Why did some in the North believe that southern secession was going to be a temporary, fleeting development?

Half of the federal government was still run by Southerners or southern sympathizers.
The North was willing to give in to their demands anyway.
No one believed enslavers would take such a serious risk.
The states to secede could not survive on their own.

No one believed enslavers would take such a serious risk.

400

What effect did the Civil War have on the economy of the North?

Production increased, but profits did not.
Production, efficiency, and jobs all increased.
Although production remained steady, many jobs remained unfilled.
Profits skyrocketed while efficiency suffered.

Production, efficiency, and jobs all increased

400

What was the effect of the black codes passed in the South following the Civil War?

Special protections were granted to newly freed black people to protect them from violence and intimidation.
Black people were given key rights to citizenship such as the right to bear arms and serve on juries.
Free black people were effectively reenslaved by a separate legal system that restricted them.
Free black people were forced to work for their former masters if they could not prove they had other forms of income.

Free black people were effectively reenslaved by a separate legal system that restricted them.

400

How did slavery stunt the development of other important industries and institutions in the South?

Slavery was so controversial that Northerners did not want to do business with the South.
Wealthy people invested all of their money in slavery and nothing else.
The plantation economy required rural settlements and deterred the development of great cities.
Southerners agreed to rely on the North for manufacturing and education in exchange for their reliance on southern goods.

Wealthy people invested all of their money in slavery and nothing else.

400

During the Civil War, American Indians were

neutral and managed to stay out of the war by migrating farther west.
divided, and various tribes fought on either side.
against the Confederacy because slavery weakened their own economic opportunities.
against the Union because the federal government violated their rights repeatedly.

divided, and various tribes fought on either side.

400

A growing number of Northerners challenged the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 on the basis of the

states' rights to determine their own policies.
right of slaveholders to hire slave catchers.
right of the police to arrest a white person for aiding a fugitive.
federal government's right to enforce the law.

federal government's right to enforce the law.

500

What developments forced the South to industrialize during the Civil War?

It was too expensive to buy goods from the North anymore.
The war forbade trade with the North for goods.
Europe refused to trade with the South at all.
The South had a surplus of labor and supplies.

The war forbade trade with the North for goods.

500

Why did black churches become such important community institutions following the Civil War?

Churches were one place where whites served blacks.
Whites refused to allow blacks in the South to congregate any other way.
Faith was more important in black communities than work or education.
Black churches were large structures that hosted many other organizations

Black churches were large structures that hosted many other organizations

500

How did laboring together benefit enslaved people?

They were part of a community, forming strong bonds through work and music with other African Americans.
They often received the greatest portions of food because their work was so arduous and required so much energy.
There really weren't any benefits; labor in the fields was the most arduous and exploitative of all, far worse than work in the house or in a skilled trade.
Field work was often done under the supervision of other blacks, so they didn't have to interact with white people for days or weeks at a time.

They were part of a community, forming strong bonds through work and music with other African Americans.

500

Why did opening up the Santa Fe Trail to commerce ultimately lead to the destruction of the Comanche empire?

Opening the trail facilitated the building of a coalition of competing tribes who ultimately defeated the Comanche.
Opening the trail made it easy for great numbers of Anglo-Americans to migrate, and they declared war on the Comanche.
Vast tracts of land were planted with corn and other vegetation that were used to feed travelers but were virtually worthless for trade.
One of the Comanche's most crucial trading items, bison, was destroyed and greatly weakened the tribe economically.

One of the Comanche's most crucial trading items, bison, was destroyed and greatly weakened the tribe economically.

500

Foreign officials pressured Congress to mediate the crisis triggered by the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 on the basis

of the fact that no other powerful nation supported slavery.
of the sheer violence of the institution of slavery.
that exploitation of enslaved labor gave the United States an economic advantage over other countries.
of the bad publicity enforcement of the act generated.

of the sheer violence of the institution of slavery.