The First Settlers
Uh-Oh! Conflict!
Feeling French
Research, Research, Research!
Fancy a Trade?
100
This group of Scandinavian explorers settled in Eastern Canada centuries before any other European countries- including France.
What are the Vikings?
100
Jacques Cartier set France on the path to conflict with Indigenous communities when he stole this from an Indigenous chief- not a great first impression.
What are his two sons?
100
This was France's name for their new colony in North America- eventually, it would be renamed Quebec.
What is New France?
100
This image of four Inuit men from the early 1900s is an example of this kind of source.
What is a primary source?
100
A North Atlantic staple, and the Vikings' travel snack of choice- if it has been properly preserved, that is.
What is cod?
200
DAILY DOUBLE!
Turtle Island's earliest settlers are believed to have spent about 10,000 years living on this tract of land- they only moved further into North America as it began melting at the end of the last ice age.
200
This documentary, starring Anishinaabe comedian Ryan McMahon, explored the painful history of colonization and how Shoal Lake First Nation is still feeling the negative effects of that colonization today.
What is Colonization Road?
200
This first settlement attempt by the French in what is now Quebec City was marred with famine, freezing temperatures, and disease.
What is Charlesbourg Royal?
200
As soon as a collection of historical sources are compiled and/or edited by someone else, they become this kind of source.
What is a secondary source?
200
Two aquatic creatures considered the property of the King- and tasty, too.
What are whales and porpoises?
300
The Eastern Woodlands, Plateau, Northwest Coast, Haudenosaunee, and Plains are five groups of early Indigenous settlers- this is the sixth.
What is subarctic?
300
These two Indigenous groups occupied many of the same areas of Ontario and Quebec, leading to conflict between the two over resources, land, and hunting rights.
What are the Haudenosaunee and the Algonquin?
300
France's first detailed maps of its new Canadian settlement focused on what is now Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and this province- which Britain took control of in 1713.
What is Newfoundland?
300
For this type of source to be primary, it would have to have been written while the topic it covers was still a developing story.
What is a newspaper article?
300
DAILY DOUBLE!
While fish was a staple of early North American trade, this good became even more valuable. On top of looking fashionable, it was necessary for surviving the harsh Canadian winters.
400
Once a staple of the Cree diet, you'd now be hard pressed to find these gentle giants anywhere- they were hunted to near extinction by European colonizers.
What are bison?
400
When early French colonizers fought against the Haudenosaunee in the early 1600s, it was primarily over this creature- they even named the conflict after it.
What are beavers?
400
France and this other country dominated the early cod market in North America... for a while, at least.
What is Portugal?
400
This handy research tool is not only Canada-centric, but also includes detailed, visual timelines of different events throughout Canadian History.
What is the Canadian Encyclopedia?
400
This group of early Indigenous settlers would travel large distances for grand summer festivals, where different communities spent up to three weeks trading, sharing stories, and celebrating together.
Who are the Plains people?
500
Tadodaho was a vicious warlord who became chief of chiefs of the new Haudenosaunee Confederacy, but only after these were removed from his hair- allowing him to let peace into his heart.
What are snakes?
500
The Indigenous people who agreed to fight in the American Revolution were promised a large tract of land by the British in this proclamation- once the fighting was over, the British refused to keep that promise.
What is the Haldimand Proclamation?
500
When Jacques Cartier made his first voyage down the St. Lawrence, he saw Hochelaga and Stadacona- two Indigenous settlements where these Canadian cities stand today.
What are Quebec City and Montreal?
500
If you wanted to use the class slides as a research tool, this is the name of the Teams channel where you could find a link to them.
What is the Links & Resources channel?
500
This First Nations group was comprised of many thousands of smaller, semi-nomadic communities- but still maintained well-established and complex trade routes between the Quebec interior, and the East Coast.
Who are the Algonquin?