Indian Removal
This man used 86 characters to represent Cherokee syllables to create a writing system for their own complex language.
Sequoya
______________ was the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union, lasted from 1865 to 1877
Reconstruction
____________ means obvious fate, to settle land all the way to the Pacific Ocean in order to spread American ideals.
Manifest Destiny
These immigrants came mainly from Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, and the countries of Scandinavia. Largely Protestant, but the Irish were Roman Catholic. Came due to the Irish Potato Famine and failed revolutions in Germany.
Old Immigrants/First Wave
____________ were journalists who “raked up” and exposed the muck, or filth, of society. They wrote about troubling issues such as child labor, racial discrimination, living conditions in housing slums, and corruption in business and politics.
Muckrakers
U.S. land in what is now Oklahoma—planned relocation of Native Americans.
Indian Territory
This amendment made slavery illegal throughout the United States.
Thirteenth Amendment
___________ means to give up traditional ways and adopting Anglo-American gender and family roles, cultural and social practices, and language.
Assimilate
These immigrants came mainly from southern and eastern Europe. Thousands of Czechs, Greeks, Hungarians, Italians, Poles, Russians, and Slovaks. They included Orthodox Christians, Roman Catholics, and Jews. Some were escaping political or religious persecution.
New Immigrants/Second Wave
This amendment allowed Americans to vote directly for U.S. senators. Before the constitutional amendment was passed in 1913, state legislatures had elected senators.
Seventeenth Amendment
The ____________ was the federal policy toward American Indian nations authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River to lands in the West.
Indian Removal Act
Laws that enforced segregation—became common in southern states in the 1880s
Jim Crow Laws
The ______________ allowed the Texans to capture Santa Anna and forced him to sign a treaty giving Texas its independence.
Battle of San Jacinto
____________ were Americans who opposed immigration. Members promised not to vote for Catholics or immigrants running for political office.
Nativists
_____________ is a political system in which the government owns and operates a country’s means of production.
Socialism
The name given to the forced 800-mile march of the Cherokee. During the march, the Cherokee suffered from disease, hunger, and harsh weather. Almost one-fourth of the 18,000 Cherokee died on the march.
Trail of Tears
_____________ wanted the federal government to force change in the South. They thought the Black Codes were cruel and unjust, wanted the federal government to be much more involved in Reconstruction, and feared that too many southern leaders remained loyal to the former Confederacy and would not enforce the new laws.
Radical Republicans
The ________________ officially ended the war and forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory to the United States. Known as the Mexican Cession, this land included the present-day states of California, Nevada, and Utah.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Poorly built, overcrowded apartment buildings. Lacking adequate light, ventilation, and sanitation, tenements were very unhealthy places to live. Disease spread rapidly in the crowded conditions. They were called __________?
Tenements
_____________ were powerful organizations of professional politicians that dominated city and county politics. They sorted out some of the biggest urban issues of the time. However, they often resorted to corrupt methods.
Political Machines
This court cased ruled that the Cherokee nation was a distinct community in which the laws of Georgia had no force. The Court also stated that only the federal government, not the states, had authority over Native Americans.
Worcester v. Georgia
The Ten Percent Plan offered southerners amnesty, or official pardon, for all illegal acts supporting the rebel lion. To receive amnesty, southerners had to do two things...
1). They had to swear an oath of loyalty to the United States.
2). They also had to agree that slavery was illegal. Once 10 percent of voters in a state made these pledges, they could form a new government. The state then could be readmitted to the Union.
The ______________ tried to lessen traditional influences on Indian society by making land ownership private for male-headed households rather than shared communally. The act also promised—but failed to deliver—U.S. citizenship to Native Americans.
Dawes General Allotment Act
This political party supported measures making it difficult for foreigners to become citizens or hold office. Its members wanted to keep Catholics and immigrants out of public office. They also wanted to require immigrants to live in the United States for 21 years before becoming citizens.
Know-Nothing Party
_______________ worked to improve society in the late 1800s. Progressives tried to solve problems caused by rapid industrial and urban growth. They wanted to eliminate the causes of problems such as crime, disease, and poverty. They fought for reforms ranging from better working conditions to education programs in poor neighborhoods.
Progressives