Brits & Colonial Crisis
A March 1770 incident in Boston in which British soldiers fired on a crowd and killed five, This become a rallying point for colonists
What is the Boston Massacre?
This est. an army, created money, and declared independence. It also entered into a critical alliance with France
What is the Second Continental Congress?
This was an uprising led by farmers in MA. Dissidents protested tax policies of the elites who controlled the state government.
What is Shay's Rebellion?
The first ten amendments to the Constitution, officially ratified by 1791. The first through eighth dealt with individual liberties, and the ninth and tenth concerned the boundary between federal and state authority
A system that allowed a Spanish encomendero to encourage Indians to convert to christianity and provide law and order
What is Encomienda?
This war between Britain and France shattered the French empire in NA and planted the seeds of future imperial troubles
What is the Seven Years' War?
This victory convinced France to ally with the American side in the war, turning the Revolution into a global war
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
A threatened coup planned by Continental army officers and leaders in the Continental Congress. Washington defused the threat by appealing to officers' commitment to republicanism and their sense of honor
What is the Newburgh Conspiracy?
A July 1794 uprising by farmers in PA in reference to enforcement to an unpopular tax on whiskey. Washington responded with overwhelming force to quash the rebellion and avoid bloodshed
What is the Whiskey Rebellion?
These are Spanish forts built to block a Russian advance into California
What are Presidios?
A September 1774 gathering of colonial delegates in Philadelphia to discuss the Coercive Acts, This produced a declaration of rights and a boycott of trade with Britain
What is the First Continental Congress?
This was the first major engagement of the new Continental army, which fought 45k Brits
What is the Battle of Long Island?
A 1784 treaty between the United States and the Haudenosaunee that resulted in land cessions
What is the Treaty of Fort Stanwix?
Uprising in the French colony of St Domingue that began in 1791 and led to the creation of the Republic of Haiti in 1804. Committed itself to the liberty of enslaved people and equality for people of African descent. It fueled fears of slave insurrections in the United States
What is the Haitian Revolution?
The revolt of Pueblo Indians against the Spanish in New Mexico under Pope
What is the Pueblo Revolt?
This was a law that restricted lands west of the Appalachian Mountains, forbidding colonial settlement and land purchases and infuriated British settlers
What is the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
This battle sealed American victory. French and American and the French navy trapped the British in Virginia
What is the Battle of Yorktown?
A coalition of Native American nations defending their territory between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes from U.S. expansion with the assistance of British officers.
What is the Northwest Confederacy?
These 1798 resolutions condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts submitted to the federal government. The resolutions advanced the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them
What are the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?
These were the descendants of the Paleo Indians between 10k BP to 4k BP
Who are the Archaic Indians?
This war heightened Britain's determination to create a boundary between colonists and Indians such as the Royal Proclamation of 1763
What is Pontiac's War?
This was a punishing defeat for Americans in New York. Mohawk and Seneca Indians ambushed German American militiamen and allied Oneida and four hundred were killed. This marked the beginning of frontier warfare.
What is the Battle of Oriskany?
Laws passed in five northern states that provided a multistage process for freeing enslaved people
What is graduation emancipation?
Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the national debt be funded at full value but not be repaid immediately. Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy, not debt-free, and tie interests of wealthy bondholders to the new government
What is the Report on Public Credit?
These are individuals who believed that Christians could be saved by faith alone and did not need to act in accordance with God's law in the bible, such as Anne Hutchinson
What are Antinomians?