The endosteum and periosteum are covered with what type of cells.
What is osteoprogenitor cells?
100
The area of a neuron where all synaptic inputs are summed for the decision to create or not create an AP.
What is the axon hillock?
100
classification of sensory neuron that is unmyelinated C-fibers that are sensitive to dull, aching pain and temperature.
What is Sensory Neuron classification 4?
100
These receptors detect changes in the chemical environment of body systems; i.e. blood Oxygen levels.
What are chemoreceptors?
200
This type of "zone" in articular cartilage contains fibrils that are oriented perpendicular to the joint surface
What is radial zone?
200
Osteocytes sit within a lacuna and communicate through canaliculi via ________ ____________
What is gap junctions?
200
A stronger than normal stimulus is required to create a new AP during _______ _________ _________.
What is relative refractory period?
200
This causes an influx of Na and Ca which results in local depolarization making the neuron more likely to conduct an AP.
What is EPSP?
200
All of the following are encapsulated sensory receptors except:
A. free nerve ending
B. Meissner's corpuscle
C. Merkel's disk
D. Pacinian corpuscle
What is C.
300
Joint space increases due to this type of activity.
What is acute activity?
300
Calcitonin is released during a period of ___________ and reduces the activity of osteoclasts.
What is hypercalcimia?
300
A marked decrease in NCV and increase in neuronal fatigue are two main characteristics of this type of disease.
Why does this occur?
What is MS?
Occurs due to a demyelination of the CNS
300
The electrical synapse consists of these that allow for coordinated contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle.
What is gap junctions?
300
What are three types of receptors that are strictly slowly adapting?
What is Merkel's disk, Ruffini's ending, free nerve ending.
400
Hyaline (Type II), Elastic (Type II and elastin), Fibrocartilage (Type I)
What are the three types of cartilage and their main collagen type composition?
400
These cells in the inner synovial layer synthesize large amounts of hyaluronic acid that is then secreted into synovial fluid.
What is F cells?
400
These cells of the CNS help secrete and aid in the movement of CSF.
What are Ependymal cells?
400
The lack of this receptor for an inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS leads to Parkinson's disease.
What is dopamine?
400
What two receptors overlap at extreme temperatures?
What is thermoreceptors and nocireceptors.
500
This type of growth occurs due to the lack of a perochondrium and increases the mass of cartilage tissue.
What is interstitial growth?
500
The stage in epiphyseal plate growth where osteoblasts deposit bone matrix over calcified cartilage matrix.
What is the ossification zone?
500
-55mV to -65mV
What is the neuronal threshold?
500
What two neurotransmitters depend on which receptor they bind to gage if they will have excitatory or inhibitory functions?
What is norepi. and epi.?
500
This characteristic of a receptor is very important for mechanoreceptors because it aids with identifying when a stimulus is removed and therefore a new AP can be sent.