Introduction
What is the branch of biology focuses specifically on the microscopic study of body tissues and their structural organization.
Histology
This single-layer tissue features flattened, tile-like cells designed to permit rapid diffusion.
Simple Squamous Epithelium
This primary tissue type is the most widespread in the body, featuring cells separated by large amounts of extracellular matrix rather than direct cell-to-cell contact.
Connective Tissue
What is the main type of cell that makes up nervous tissue?
Neurons
What is the role of skeletal muscle? Voluntary or Involuntary?
attached to our skeleton to contract and produce movement of our body; voluntary
This non-cellular layer composed of collagen and glycoproteins acts as an anchor connecting epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.
Basement Membrane
This unique multilayered tissue changes shape from rounded to flat as fluid fills an organ.
Transitional Epithileum
The scientific term for red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport, as distinguished from immune-defending leukocytes.
Erythrocytes
What are the group of cells found in nervous tissue that give support and function to the neurons?
Neuroglial cells
What is the only role of cardiac muscle? Voluntary or Involuntary?
to pump blood to other tissues in the body. Involuntary
This non-cellular layer composed of collagen and glycoproteins acts as an anchor connecting epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.
Cells to Tissues to Organs to Organ Systems to Organisms
These specialized mucus-secreting cells are commonly interspersed among simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissues.
Goblet Cells
Dense regular connective tissue features tightly packed parallel collagen fibers, making it ideal for forming these structures that attach muscle to bone.
Tendons
What is the role of ependymal cells?
line the cavities of the brain and secrete cerebrospinal fluid
What is the role of smooth muscle? Voluntary or involuntary?
contracts to push food down our digestive tract and to allow us to breath; involuntary
In epithelial cells, this specific surface faces inward toward the basement membrane, while the opposite surface faces an open space or lumen.
Basal Region
This tissue appears to have multiple layers due to nuclei at varying heights, but every cell remains in contact with the basement membrane and has a large role in secretion of mucus
Pseudostratified Columnar
These cell fragments suspended in blood plasma aggregate together to initiate clotting when blood vessels sustain damage.
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
What is the role of Oligodendrocytes?
These cells will attach to the axon of neurons and produce the myelin sheath.
What is an endocrine gland?
A bundle of secretory epithelial cells that produce hormones that go directly into the bloodstream to get to effector organ
What are the three types of sections that can be made to tissues for viewing on the microscope? Explain what axis each section cuts along.
Longitudinal: Y axis
Cross Section: X axis
Oblique: Z axis (diagonal)
What is the main difference between simple and stratified tissues? What do simple tissues have a main role in? What do stratified tissues have a main role in?
Simple: one layer of cells; secretion, absorption and diffusion are the major roles.
Stratified: multiple layers of cells; main role is protection of the body
What are the two types of bones? What are the structural differences? Place them where they would be in a long bone.
Spongy- inside the heads of long bones; small holes between calcified structures
Compact- in the shaft of long bones; dense calcified structure with no visible holes.
What is the role of microglial cells?
Immune response within the brain to fight off pathogens and infections
What is an exocrine gland?
A bundle of epithelial cells that produces hormones or bodily fluids through a duct which leads directly to an effector organ or out of the body, respectively