FROM FORM TO FORCES
For Aristotle, this fifth element symbolized the perfection and immutability of the heavens, reinforcing his belief that celestial bodies obeyed different laws from those on Earth.
What is ether?
In Descartes’ universe, there’s no such thing as empty space, everything’s packed tight with matter! He called this completely filled cosmos a what
What is plenum?
Hobbes earned a title that reflected his notorious ideas and rejection of religion. He was called this.
what is the Monster of Malmesbury?
Galileo showed that objects of different masses fall at nearly the same speed, directly contradicting Aristotle’s idea that heavier objects fall faster. This principle about motion became a cornerstone of the new mechanical worldview.
What is inertia?
The idea that mind and body are two distinct substances: the body is extended and mechanical, while the mind is immaterial and thinking
What is Cartesian dualism?
Hobbes believed humans live in a determined, mechanical universe, yet he argued that people can still act freely. He called this concept…
what is freedom?
Aristotle claimed that every natural thing has this, meaning its ultimate purpose or goal, but later mechanists rejected it because they explained motion through physical causes rather than inherent aims.
What is telos?
This theory proposed that space is completely filled with matter that moves in circular currents. These swirling motions carry the planets around the Sun, explaining celestial movement without invoking invisible forces or divine purpose.
What is vortex theory?
The view that only physical matter exists and that all phenomena can be explained by the movement of matter.
what is materialism?