definitions
What is the preferential system?
A system where a country charges lower taxes on goods from its colonies than on goods from other countries.
In this case, the british colonies had the special treatment of being charged lower taxes on goods from great britain/royaume-uni
before confederation, what was happening with the british colonies trading?
hint: two countries
Before Confederation, the British colonies depended heavily on foreign trade, and the countries they traded with the most were Great Britain and the United States.
what was the principle reason to make a intercolonial railway?
name advantages of a intercolonial railway
- to make a internal market
advantages:
Why did the british empire remove troops from north america?
The British Empire removed troops from North America because it was expensive to keep them there, and they needed the soldiers for the Crimean War, where more troops were urgently required. Since there was no risk of war in the colonies, the troops were sent to fight in Crimea instead.
who wanted representation depending on population?
George Brown, from the Canada-Ouest Colony (today is now ontario)
What is free trade/libre echange?
ANd why is it not good for the british colonies?
Free trade is when 2 countires sign a "mutual agree ment" to abolish or pay lower taxes when they trade with eachother.
The british colonies lost their advantage, and they have to pay higher taxes because free trade only applies when you have made a mutual agreement with other countries
How did the end/retraction of the Treaty of Reciprocity affect the British colonies?
(scroll down for simple answer on the correct response)
When the Treaty of Reciprocity ended, the British colonies had to pay higher taxes to trade with the United States. This made their goods more expensive and HARDER TO SELL, which hurt their economy (AMERICAN MARKET) (MARCHE AMERICAN)
simple answer: British colonies lost their advantage in the American market
to invest in the intercolonial railway, what did the baring brothers announce?
They announced that they will lend money for the Intercolonial Railway only if the colonies unite.
Who are the feniens?
Between 1847 and 1861, many Irish people moved to the United States to escape poverty. They blamed the British government for their problems. In 1858, some of them started a secret group called the Fenians to fight against the British government.
who wanted equal representation?
George Etienne Carter, from Canada-Est
What is the treaty of reciprocity (a country and a colony)?
also what are tariffs douaniers/custom taxes?
The Treaty of Reciprocity was an agreement between the United States and the British colonies (particularly in North America) where customs taxes (tariffs) were reduced or abolished on goods traded between them.
Tarrifs douaniers are when products come from other countries, the government makes them more expensive by charging a tax on them.
2) what is an internal market?
1) After the adoption of free trade and the retraction of the Treaty of Reciprocity, what did the British colonies decide to do?
An internal market means the British colonies traded more with each other, not just other countries. This made them stronger and led to their union into Confederation.
they decided to create an internal market to make them more economically connected with eachother that led to confederation.
Manifest Destiny
More and more Americans believe that God has destined them to conquer and rule the entire North American continent
What would be the advantage of having representation by population for the Canada West?
Because Canada Ouest had 500,000 more people than Canada East, they would have more representatives in Parliament.
what is representation by population?
This type of representation means that the number of representatives is determined by the population of the region being represented.
why was free trade devastating for the british colonies?
they lost their advantage when trading with britain and it took out a big part of the BRITISH MARKET
What was the consequence of the withdrawal of British troops?
No organized military protection - no common defense strategy - feeling of insecurity
Why did George-Étienne Cartier want equal representation?
What was the problem with this type of representation?
Cartier wanted equal representation so French Canadians wouldn’t be outvoted by English Canadians in government. He wanted to protect French language and religion.
What was the problem with it?
Equal representation caused political deadlocks because neither side could agree.
What is the guerre de seccesion/american civil war
The American Civil War/guerre de seccesion was a conflict between the Northern states, which wanted to abolish slavery, and the Southern states, which were agricultural and relied on slavery
What two things happened during the Civil War that affected the British colonies? What was the consequence for the union project?
Consequence: People worried the Northern States might fight Britain and punish the British colonies for helping the South.
How did John A. Macdonald find a solution to satisfy both Brown and Cartier?
He proposed having representation by population while ensuring the protection of French Canadians.