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100
Were a confederation of nomadic tribes from Central Asia with a ruling class of unknown origin and other subjugated tribes. Considered very dangerous. Great Wall of China was built to protect Chinese from them.
What is Xiongnu
100
Part of an era of political turbulence and intense social and cultural change. Founded by Turks, interested in Chinese culture, adopting Chinese surnames, become Chinese and lose their own language and culture. Noted for unification of norther China in 439, also a period where foreign ideas were introduced
What is Northern Wei
100
2 different types of Buddhism. One is where you withdraw from society, more stories are on individual efforts and merit, achieving nirvana yourself, takes 3 lifetimes of being a monk to achieve it, should minimize kama. The other type of a despair of religious monastic path, in a smaller community, don't have to be a monk, a form of dumb downed Buddhism.
What is Therevada vs. Mahayana
100
Times when Japan wanted to mirror China, want an equal field system like China. Doesn't happen because aristocratic won't give up land. Try to change examination system but only want aristocratic to have access. In the other period - needs to build a city like China capital, department of deities to look after Shinto, writing in both Japanese and Chinese. Japan's transition period. Last division of classical Japanese history. Considered peak of Japanese imperial court and noted for art, lit and poetry
What is Nara and Heian Japan
100
First Great Khan of Mongol empire. Founded Yuan Dynasty. By 1279, his forces had successfully annihilated the last resistance of the Southern Song dynasty, and Kublai become the first non-Chinese emperor who conquered all of China. He welcomed Marco Polo to china, became a legend in China.
What is Khublai Khan
200
130 B.C.E., wars that defeated Xiongnu in many campaigns, drove out the Mongols. He created many military colonies.
What is Wudi's Wars.
200
Chinese are aware of this religion for quite a while, but it doesn't resonate in Han Dynasty. The idea is that life is suffering. Liked it because it was foreign. Comes from Central Asia.
What is Buddhism.
200
Period of transitions from 750 -1250. Major changes in the chinese world. In 750 (taxation on people, commerce controls commercial activity, copper coinage, growing population, women's positions worsen - plump and women who could drink were valued, fascinated with things foreign). In 1250 (taxation on land, commerce occurs between cities, becomes paper money but eventually go back to coinage, 120 million people at this time, women stayed at home and could only marry once and, had feet binded, not as much fascination with foreign things)
What is Tang/Song transition
200
Period when Japan wanted to model everything after China, such as their capital city. Also, Chinese writing was borrowed.
What is Period of Chinese borrowing
200
Dynasty starting in 2070 B.C.E.
What is Xia/Hsia Dynasty
300
3 Kingdoms were Wei, Shu, Wu. Period of disunity called the Six Dynasties, following immediately the loss of power of the Han Dynasty emperors. Refers to period between the foundation of Wei in 220 and the conquest of the Wu by the Jin Dynasty in 280.
What is Division of the 3 Kingdoms
300
All these have to endured in life. 1 - Life is suffering, it's inevitable 2 - Suffering is caused by desire (kama) 3 - Kama can be conquered 4 - Kama can be overcome in an 8 fold path
What is 4 Noble Truths
300
Nature spirituality of Japan. Love and respect for elders, everything possesses a soul. Characterized by worship of nature, ancestors, polytheism, and animism, strong focus on ritual purity involving horing and celebrating the existence of Kami.
What is Shinto
300
Continuation of the Mongol Empire and the Mongol founded historical state in China, lasting from 1271 - 1368. Although the dynasty was established by Kublai Khan, he had his grandfather Chinggis Khan placed on official record
What is Yuan Empire
300
This dynasty helped unite China in 1600 - 1046 B.C.E.
What is Shang
400
Divided politically, South/North very different. South thought they were true successors of Chinese dynasty, wanted to take back Northern China. Northern China was a disaster (Battle of Fei River) Norther started array of dynasties, challenged by Turks, 16 kingdoms, grew to enormous sizes.
What is North/South Split
400
1 - Viewing reality as it is, not just as it appears 2 - Intention of renunciation, freedom and harmlessness 3 - Speaking in a non hurtful but truthful way 4 - Non harmful livelihood 5 - Acting in a non harmful way 6 - Making an effort to improve 7 - Awareness to see things for what they are with clear conciousness 8 - Correct meditation
What is 8 fold path
400
Japanese word for spirits, natural forces, or essence in Shinto faith
What is Kami
400
Empire from 13th - 14th Century spanning from Eastern Europe across Asia. Largest continuous empire in history of the world. Emerged from unification of Mongol and Turkic tribes, grew through invasion after Chinggis Khan had been proclaimed ruler of all Mongols.
What is Mongol Empire
400
This Dynasty started in 1046 BCE
What is Western Chou
500
History of imperial China refers tot he dynasties established by non-Han people that ruled parts of all of China. Invaded people from the Steppe. Couldn't hold off the Xiongnu or other tribes. South began to be flooded with refugees. Barbarians fought over Northern China. Six Dynasties occurred when 6 groups set up capitals throughout the North. Didn't make a huge impact, and unable to unify the South.
What is Early Conquest Dynasties
500
Means "being of wisdom", or "enlightenment" . Name give to people motivated by great compassion, and has generated bodhicitta which is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all living things.
What is Boddhisatva
500
Time when Shinto and Buddhism both existed. Buddhist saw Kami as supernatural beings, but kami born live and die and are reborn like any other beings. Kami played a special role in protecting Buddhism and allowing its teaching of compassion to flourish.
What is Accommodation with Buddhism
500
His original name was Temujin. He was abandoned by his tribe and survived on the Steppes. Found friends and formed a tribe, and alliances with other important tribes. Mongols eventually want him back but he doesn't want to join as he doesn't trust his family. There was a decade of fighting until the great assembly when Temujin was given this name and told he could rule of the world. He needs constant conquests, and wants to expand territory
What is Rise of Chinggis Khan
500
2 parts to this dynasty, starting in 770 BCE and lasting until 221. Spring and Autumn Periods as well as the Warring States Period
What is Eastern Chou