Key Figures
Who started the Protestant Reformation by posting the 95 Theses?
Martin Luther
In what year were the 95 Theses posted?
1517
What is the name of the book that contains Christian scriptures?
Bible
How did the Reformation fundamentally change the structure of Christian worship in Europe?
Establishment of Protestant churches and the decline of Papal authority
This was the primary method of punishment for heresy during the Reformation
Burning at the stake
Who was the English monarch that initiated the English Reformation by breaking away from the Catholic Church?
Henry VIII
What meeting was held from 1545 to 1563 to reform the Church and counter the Reformation?
Council of Trent
What do we call the movement that Martin Luther started?
Protestant Reformation
Which invention played a crucial role in the spread of Reformation ideas?
Printing Press
What was the profession of Martin Luther before he became a reformer?
Monk
Who was the founder of the Calvinist tradition in Geneva?
John Calvin
Who declared themselves as the head of the Church of England in 1534?
Henry VIII
What was the main critique against the Catholic Church's practice of selling these for the remission of sins?
Indulgences
How did the Reformation contribute to the growth of national identities?
Promotion of vernacular languages in religious and public life
What language did Martin Luther famously translate the New Testament into, making it more accessible?
German
Who founded the Jesuit Order to counter the Reformation?
Ignatius of Loyola
What treaty in 1555 allowed German princes to choose the religion of their territories?
Peace of Augsburg
What did Luther do with the book of church law when he was excommunicated?
Burn it
This movement within the Catholic Church sought to counter the Reformation and reform the church from within.
Counter-Reformation
Which of Luther's works was considered one of the first bestsellers, thanks to the printing press?
95 Theses