History and Importance of Microbiology

Microbes

100

All life on earth Requires

What are microbes?

200

Microbes are used to make

Medicine, Industry, Food production

300

Microbes influence

Health
Human Populations and societies

400

Atmosphere uses microbes for

photosynthesis

500

Microbes and Nutrient cycling

 Decomposition • Nutrient availability • Plant growth

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100

Microbes used in medicine

• Antibiotics • Vaccines • Specialized treatment

200

Microbes: Industry

 Bioremediation • Personal care • Fuel Production

300

Microbes: Food production 

• Yogurt, bread, cheese, ice cream, sushi etc.

400

Microbes and Health

• Digestion • Preventing invasion

500

Microbes and disease

• Short term illness • Long term illness • Correlation to illnesses with unexplained causes

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100

4) Microbes influence human populations and societies

• Black Plague • Tulip Mosaic Virus • Louisiana Purchase • Potato Famine • World War II • Areas affected by mosquito-borne disease (esp. malaria)

200

Microbiology

 • The study of organisms that cannot be seen without a lens

300

Resolution of the human eye

 • 0.1-0.2 mm

400

Lens systems

 Increase visibility • Increase differentiation

500

• Prokaryotes

• Single celled • Bacteria • Archaea

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100

• Eukaryotes

• Single or multi-celled • Algae • Fungi • Protozoa • Helminths

200

• Acellular

 Not made of cells • Viruses • Prions

300

Microscopes (People)

 Zaccharias Janssen (1590) • Robert Hooke (1660) • Antoine van Leeuwenhoek (1676)

400

• Microscopes allowed us to:

 • Know microbes existed • See involvement in our lives • Diseases • Food spoilage

500

Developments in Early Microbiology •

Disproving spontaneous generation & development of cell theory • Development of Germ Theory & Koch’s Postulates • Medical & health care advancements • Food processing and storage improvements

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100

Origin of Living Organisms •

 Spontaneous generation :
 Modern life forms arose from non-living components • Mice from grains • Maggots from meat • Mushrooms from wood

200

Redi

Disproving spontaneous generation of macroorganisms:

300

Pasteur

Disproving spontaneous generation of microorganisms:

400

Biogenesis & Cell Theory •

 Life arises from life • Living organisms do not form from nonliving matter • Cells give rise to like cells • Reproduction makes similar cell/organism types

500

Koch’s Postulates

• Definitively link microbes to disease & links specific microbes to specific diseases • Disease agent must be present in every case of the disease • Agent must be isolated from animal & cultured • Agent must cause disease in a healthy subject • Agent must be re-isolated and match original agent