Immigration Policy
what did the act of 1921 do?
established quota system
total number of immigrants allowed in was 350,000
which cities did people go to during the great migration
Chicago, Boston and NYC
WHat environmental impacts did the gold Rush have?
mining techniques were very destructive, the landscape changed forever tbh
when was the homestead act passed
1862 and amended in 1864
when and how did the gold Rush start
january 24 1848. gold discovered near San fransico
When the 1924 act was passed, what changed?
-Literacy tests
-quotas reduced
-used census from 1890 to create the quotas
-reduced the amount of immigrants allowed in to 165,000
What were reasons people wanted to leave the south?
Jim crow laws
Sharecropping
what is the second middle passage? super extra (rather irrelevant) bonus: what is the first middle passage?
more than 1 million African Americans were moved to the deep south
largest forced migration in American history
what did the homestead act do?
allowed people to buy 160 acres of land in the American plains with the agreement that they would work the land and improve it.
what happened to Vallejo?
he was a californio who eventually got up to having a huge huge ranch (65,000 acres, 10,000 cattle etc) he wanted to modernize California. then mob worked him up and arrested him.. they wanted California as an independent state. when gold was found idk what happened to him but after, people squatted on his land and he couldn't get them off. he got broke through legal fees :)) had to sell everything
what was immigration like before 1921?
very easy
you had to get here, not be diseased, a criminal or disabled
what were reasons people wanted to go to the north?
Better wages
better opportunities
fairer landlords
homestead act was an option too
summarize what happened to the cherokee
the government was like "ok I want your land." so they took it. and then they were like "ok that was mean, I give you some land to make up for it but its far away and not the land that has meaning to you>:)" and then the government was like "ok wait actually I want the land I just gave you.. so i'm going to take it back. you can have this other land" and that kept happening..... there was more too but that's about it I think
what role did native Americans play in this whole homestead act business?
they lost over 60% of their land to homesteaders. their land was split up again :)) (by the Dawes Act of 1877 but you dont need to know that :0 )
summarize the gold rush and the effects it had on San fransico
gold was found in 1848 people obviously were like "oh I could get rich if I found gold" so TONS of people went to California. people created businesses and San fransisco grew from a very small town to a large large city. after the gold Rush, people stayed because the journey was hard and long to get there.
What were the major changes in the 1965 act?
-Sponsor System (Chain Migrations)
-Removed Quota system
what is sharecropping and why was it bad??
Who were nativists?
Nativists were people who were native to Boston and New York who didn't like Irish immigrants. Most immigrants came over sick and tired from their journey. Immigrants were poor because they were escaping the Irish Potato Famine. They lived in workhouses and shelters paid for by taxes because they couldn't work. Nativists thought they were using workhouses and taking away space from people who actually pay taxes. so the city governments started deporting people :))
what is the connection between Europe and the homestead act
there was a ticket that Europeans could buy that included ship travel to America, transport to the US and their 160 acres of US land. the US really wanted people to come to the plains
what were the three ways to get to San fransico
They could go by boat around the bottom of south America (cape horn). they could go the hybrid way, boat to Panama, walk across Panama, boat to San Francisco. or they could go by way of land by walking/horse riding across the US.
who were exodusters?
people who used the homestead act as a means to escape jim crow and sharecropping.
What was the Chinese Exclusion act?
First (and only?) ever law passed that discriminated against people from a specific country. Chinese people weren't allowed into the US from 1982-1942 (only not renewed bc of ww2) it was renewed every 10 years too. many skilled Chinese workers were coming to the US and people thought they were taking jobs away from American workers so they decided to ban Chinese people all together :))))))
how much total did it cost and why was it such a gamble?
There were taxes that weren't widely advertised. it cost $2500 total for that time. ($75,000 in our money) because of equipment costs, transport and materials to build like a shelter of sorts.
it was a gamble because you spend all this money and move your family to the middle of nowhere and if your crops fail or there's a drought you're like done for :))
who made the money in the gold rush
BUSINESS OWNERS. the miners didn't actually make much money like they thought they would. but the smart people made businesses and sold things like mining equipment.