Antiquity
What is the Greek word for "city-state"?
Polis
What two religions were pitted against each other in the Crusades?
Christianity and Islam
How was the bubonic plague spread to humans?
People were bitten by infected fleas or rats
Why did Henry VIII create the Church of England?
He wanted to divorce his wife
What does "reconquista" mean?
Reconquering
Who was the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity?
Constantine
What religion appeared around AD 60 that was harshly persecuted by the Romans?
Christianity
What prompted the First Crusade?
Seljuk Turks captured Jerusalem and Pope Urban II made a speech encouraging Christians to retake it
Who started the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther
Who were the first European settlers in New England?
Pilgrims
What kind of government did Rome have after ousting their last king in 509 BC?
Republic
What religion was enforced in the Byzantine Empire?
Eastern Orthodox
Name at least one common treatment for the bubonic plague.
Burning juniper branches, avoiding bathing, drinking mercury and gold, self-flagellation
What is the idea that life is about more than suffering and toil?
Humanism
Why did Ferdinand and Isabella send Christopher Columbus on his first voyage?
They needed to find a new route to India after the Ottoman Empire captured Constantinople
Why and when did the Roman Empire collapse?
476 after being destroyed by barbarians
Why was Muhammad kicked out of Mecca?
They were polytheistic and were afraid his monotheistic beliefs would anger the gods
Who was the first Holy Roman Emperor?
Otto I
What Chinese invention eventually replaced traditional medieval weaponry?
Gunpowder
Name at least one reason why European nations colonized the Americas in the 1500s.
Power, wealth, religious conversion
What Athenian leader created the earliest democracy?
Where was the seat of the Catholic Church after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
Papal states
What happened after King John signed the Magna Carta?
He disregarded it and the country fell into civil war
Name at least one European invention that came out of the Renaissance.
Telescope, sextant, flushing toilet, printing press
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