Paradigms
The first paradigm in the occupational therapy profession.
What is the Paradigm of Occupation?
Who is William Rush Dunton?
What is expansion?
The arts and crafts movement was declining and this movement was rising.
What is the biomedical/rehabilitation movement?
This is the international organization for the promotion of OT.
What is the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT)?
The paradigm in the 1950s to 1970s
What is the mechanistic (reductionist) paradigm?
The person who believed that overcoming, modifying, and building habits allowed patients to restore and maintain health.
Who is Slagle?
The need for medical treatment beyond acute illness or injury led to this movement.
This model was structured so that therapists used activity analysis to choose correct tasks and was associated with communication, coping, social skills, and assertiveness training.
What is the psychosocial/psychodynamic model? (From Gail Fidler)
The most adorable professor in the whole world.
Who is Dr. Teaford?
The kinetic, biomechanical, rehabilitative, vocational training, and psychoanalytic models were a product of this paradigm.
What is the mechanistic paradigm?
These two people visited Hull House and learned about the power of occupations and activities on health.
Who are Slagle and Meyer?
OT's at this time were mostly working in this field.
What is mental health and tuberculosis? (50%)
This model was expanding because of new knowledge about neurology and treatments for neurological patients.
What is the neurodevelopmental model? (emphasis on movement)
In this change, the core constructs were to determine ability through medical code, trace dysfunction to damage or abnormal development, restore functional performance by activity to improve systems OR adapting equipment to environement.
What is the mechanistic paradigm?
The paradigm which held the values of human dignity for performance, occupation for health, with a holistic viewpoint.
What is the paradigm of occupation?
This person developed the kinetic model, or activity analysis.
Who is Sidney Licht?
In the 40s, OT reestablished its role in this area.
What is the military?
AOTA becomes concerned with the lack of this in the profession.
What is science and standardized education?
Now, OTs are returning to these values.
What are the values of the founders, occupation?
The mechanistic paradigm shift was when there was a shifted emphases away from this.
Who is the person who strongly supported research, valued work and time, and argued for more humane services with the inclusion of habit formation.
Who is Adolph Meyer?
The changes in practice by the end of the 40s (the injuries therapists were treating). Name at least two.
What are head injuries, spinal cord injuries, prosthetics, hand injuries, and burns?
The reason why practice in physical disabilities increased while mental health decreased. (Name at least two).
What is insurance, men in control, deinstitutionalization, board and care homes without OT inclusion, lack of research and advocacy, the unwillingness to shift practice, and competition from other professions?
In the late 18th to early 20th century, these were some of the social, economic, political factors that shaped the profession.
What are Wars, The Great Depression, the economy, technological changes, vaccines, varying occupations, etc.?