Ancient Egypt
What process of body preparation were Ancient Egyptians well known for?
Mumification
What is the translation of the Greek work "anatomein"?
"To cut open, to dissect."
Who was responsible for furthering anatomical scientific knowledge through exploration and drawing?
Leonardo DaVinci
Define the Miasma Theory
Disease was spread from ‘bad air’ rising from decaying matter
Name two types of imaging that is done in modern times to assess internal structures of the body:
CT Scans, Ultrasounds, MRI
Which organs were removed during the preparation of a deceased body?
Heart and Brain
What specimens did early anatomists use to explore and learn about anatomy?
Animals, predominantly monkeys and pigs.
Name 3 ways human specimens were sourced for anatomical study:
Grave robbing, executed criminals, unclaimed bodies from farms and work houses.
What types of herbs/spices were thought to work as an antiseptic?
Salt, Garlic, Rosemary
What do modern medical student use to learn about anatomy?
3-D models and interactive simulations
Name 3 ailments Ancient Egyptian doctors were known for treating:
Tooth extraction, mending broken bones, digestive problems, Cancer treatment
What primary factors were thought to be the cause of illness and disease?
Supernatural forces, angry gods, and demonic intervention.
** 200 Bonus points: "an imbalance of the 4 humors"
How did Leonardo DaVinci gain a better understanding of the inner workings of muscles, organs, and nerves?
He observed the body in every perspective possible, not just from one perspective.
What two types of food items were used as a "carrier" for topical treatments?
Honey and Milk
What kind of modern tool could be used to look at cellular structures?
Microscopes
Transnasal surgery involved what process?
Using a metal hook or other tool to pull the bran through the nasal cavity.
1.) What are the 4 Humors?
2.) What is one example of the symptom of an imbalance in the 4 Humors?
1.) Phlegm, Black Bile, Yellow Bile, Blood
2.) Heartbreak, migraines, depression, indigestion... basically any ailment a person may have
What basic human situation inspired Leonardo DaVinci's exploration into understanding the way the body functions?
Death brought on from old age.
What creature was often used in bloodletting to treat an excess of blood in the body?
Leeches
What does "MRI" stand for?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Who typically served as Doctors in Ancient Egypt?
Priests and spiritual leaders
What is the definition of the Preformationism Theory?
The theory suggests that a tiny fully formed human existed in the ova or sperm cell at the time of conception.
Name the notorious drawing from Leonardo DaVinci that demonstrates the "perfect physical form":
Vitruvian Man
Many doctors believed that this type of person was not capable of treating illness.
Women
What is a common use for ultrasounds?
Pregnancy scans to monitor fetal development