Types of Schools
Learning a skilled trade by watching and helping an expert in that trade.
Apprenticeship
A period of complex economic, technological, and social change in America and worldwide.
Industrial Revolution
Rigorous sequences of career and technical and academic courses to prepare students for successful transition from high school to postsecondary education/credentialing and employment.
Programs of Study
Classes taught in two languages.
Bilingual Education
Unable to read or write.
Illiterate
The first public state-supported schools that gave the same education to people from different levels of society.
Common Schools
The great increase in births after the end of World War II.
Baby Boom
A reform movement which emphasized the need for more reading, writing, and math in schools for students to succeed in a complex world.
Back-to-Basics Movement
Measurable proof that schools and teachers are providing high quality education.
Accountability
Money to spend on things people want, not just need.
Disposable Income
Schools in colonies where students were taught by women in their own homes.
Dame Schools
The mass slaughter of European civilians, especially those of Jewish descent, by the Nazis during World War II.
The Holocaust
A federal government program designed to help preschool children from low-income families develop the skills they need for success in kindergarten and beyond.
Project Head Start
Guidelines defining what students at various levels should know and be able to do.
Educational Standards
Members of the reform movement during the Progressive Era.
Progressives
A public school that operates with freedom from many of the regulations that apply to traditional public schools.
Charter Schools
A social movement in the United States led primarily by African Americans and their supporters who sought to gain equal rights regardless of race.
The Civil Rights Movement
Schools teach toward students demonstrating mastery and achievement of specified knowledge and skills in subject areas.
Competency-Based Education
Performance standards for knowledge and skills to be mastered in specific subject areas.
National Standards
Finance, international corporations, and trade link the economies of nations around the world—particularly those of major countries.
Global Economy
Teacher-training schools that prepared men and women with the necessary skills to become teachers.
Normal Schools
A decades-long standoff that began in the late 1940s after World War II, when tensions and competition increased between the Soviet Union on one side and the United States and its allies in Western Europe on the other.
The Cold War
Prepares students for the many career opportunities in specific trades and occupations.
Career and Technical Education (CTE)
Tests designed to give a measure of students’ performance compared with that of a very large number of other students.
Standardized Tests
A flat wooden board with a handle. A sheet of paper—usually containing the alphabet, a prayer or two, and Roman numerals—was pasted on the board. A thin, flat piece of clear animal horn was attached to cover and protect the paper. Used during the Colonial Period.
Hornbook