dialysis
fistula
history
100
the Kolff-Brigham dialysis machine allowed patients from world war 2 to survive with AKI
What was the first hemodialysis machine
100
doctors cut down a vein and inserted a handmade cannula each time a patient had dialysis. This rendered the vein unusable
what is the first dialysis access
100
treatment lasted 8-14 hours
How long did the first hemodialysis sessions last
200
Pig casings wrapped around a wooden drum that rotates into a bath of dialysate
What is the fist dialyzer (artificial kidney)
200
In 1960, this device was used to shunt blood from the artery to the vein creating a continuous flow of blood allowing the first person with chronic kidney disease to have dialysis
What is a Scribner Shunt
200
two physicians and a nurse
how many people were needed to deliver hemodialysis in the early days
300
is the first type of dialyzer that was built in 1943 by Willem Kolff of the Netherlands. This was viewed as a breakthough in dialysis. It was made using membranous tubes made from pig casings
what is a rotating drum kidney
300
The Scribner shunt used a new material that allowed blood to pass through without sticking
What is Tephlon
300
Cutting off the heads of leaches and squishing them releases leech saliva which contains hirudin, an anticoagulant and anti-platelet agent that works to prevent blood clots and thin blood
What is the first anticlotting agent in hemodialysis
400
this type of dialyzer was developed in 1960. It directs the flow of dialysis solution and blood through alternating layers of membranous material
what is a kiil dialyzer
400
Drs Brescia and Cimino developed a long term way to access the bloodstream making the Scribner shunt obsolete
What is a fistula
400
a hollow flow dialyzer made from synthetic polysolfone with good filtering efficiency and tolerability and is still used today.
what is the current dialyzer
500
during WWII this normally fatal kidney condition was viewed by scientists as a preventable death
Acute kidney injury
500
due to the high cost of hemodialysis, by the end of 1960, 40 percent of patients on hemodialysis were being dialyzed in these types of places.
what is home dialysis
500
In Roman times hot baths, sweating therapy, bloodletting and enemas were the treatment for this problem and if left untreated would lead to death
what is kidney failure