Early Public Schools
Which forms of schools existed before public schools?
-Church-supported schools
-Local schools organized by local towns or a group of parents
-Boarding schools for children
-“Dame schools” run by women at home
-Homeschooling or private tutoring
-Tuition schools set up by traveling schoolmasters
-Charity schools for poor children often run by church or the society
-Work apprenticeships with some basic instruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic
This was seen as a major goal of public education and was a major part of the creation of the first public schools.
Preparing people for democratic citizenship
The United States has this kind of education system, which reserves power over education to the states and local authorities, as well as to individual schools and higher education institutions.
Decentralized
This program was designed to help break the cycle of poverty, which gave preschool children from families with low income a comprehensive program to meet their emotional, social, health, nutritional, and educational needs.
Head Start Programs
In 2021, the high school graduation rate is at an all time high of what percent?
85%
This state created the first state Board of Education in 1837.
Massachusetts
In 1785 and 1787, the federal government granted land to states entering the Union on the condition that they provide this.
Land for public schools
92% of public education is funded primarily at these levels, with just 8% of funding coming from the federal level.
State and local. About 47% of public school revenues come from the state level, and 45% from the local level.
Public schools are regarded as essential tools for cultural assimilation. What are the two main subjects that make up the Americanization curriculum?
English education and Civics education
As of March 2022, 35 states have proposed legislation to ban this theory from entering public school classrooms.
Critical Race Theory. 16 of these bills have passed to law.
The first settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony created the initial education system design to teach what?
Puritan values and how to read the Bible
This Mann believed that education should be free, nonsectarian, and provide moral/civic training for children of all backgrounds while serving as the first Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education.
Horace Mann (1796-1859)
The United States Department of Education was made into a cabinet-level department by Congress in this year.
1980
In what year did the Supreme Court unanimously rule state-sanctioned school desegregation illegal and unconstitutional?
1954
(Brown v. Board of Education)
According to the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment, The U.S. ranked this out of 79 countries in math performance.
36th.
This U.S. Supreme Court decision ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution and coined the term “separate but equal.”
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Horace Mann was an early proponent of these institutions that sought to provide teachers with standardized training.
Normal Schools
The Coleman Report, a 700-page report authored in 1966 explained the gap in achievement between America’s black and white students not by the quality of public schools, but by this.
Family Background
What is the Act that required states to develop standardized assessments in basic skills and to meet criteria regarding test scores and grades in order to be eligible to receive federal funding for their schools?
No Child Left Behind Act
As a result of learning interruptions from March 2020 to January 2021, the U.S. is expected to lose this much in future GDP.
$15 trillion. Source: OECD
The early, often unmentioned, racial history of public schools in America had the goal to assimilate which group of children?
Indigenous children
Who got inspired by Horace Mann’s passion and changed the state education system in Connecticut?
Henry Barnard who became the secretary of the Board of Commissioners of the Common Schools for Connecticut and solved problems to be inherited in the public system and forced the districts to meet minimum for buildings, teachers and classroom resources.
This event sparked the passage of the National Defense Education Act in 1958, providing wide scale funding to educational institutions across the U.S.
The Soviet launch of the Sputnik satellite. This caused U.S. politicians to fear that the U.S. was falling behind in the space race and needed to invest more into ensuring our students caught up to the rest of the world.
What is the name of the first piece of U.S. federal legislation on minority language speakers that provides federal aid to local school districts to address the needs of students with limited English speaking ability?
Bilingual Education Act
From Fall 2019 to Fall 2020, the enrollment in U.S. public schools fell by this many students.
Public schools lost more than a million students from fall 2019 to fall 2020, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. Enrollment fell from 50.8 million to 49.4 million.