History of Schools

Schools I

100

Name four types of education, particularly schools, that were available to children and youth in colonial America.

Tutoring, home schooling, charity schools, endowed free schools, apprenticeship, and so on.

200

What were some of Noah Webster’s main ideas about schooling during and after the Revolutionary era?

He wanted a national history to get unified culture, national ideals through textbooks, new national language spelled and pronounced differently from British English.

300

What was Jefferson’s “Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge”?

In 1779, Jefferson proposed this bill, arguing for the need to develop republican schools to fight tyranny and educate the broader public.

400

What three concepts defined common school reform, according to Carl Kaestle? Define these three concepts. Who was generally excluded?

Capitalism (assimilate population into economic institutions, schools encourage literacy, mathematics. more wage labor and more productive hierarchies) Republicanism (united concepts of virtue, balanced government, and liberty) Protestantism (self-control, morality—emphasis on discipline and order and obedience, industry) Exclusion - African Americans, sometimes Irish, women, and other groups

Schools II

100

Define the justice worker framework. What is the critique?

This framework linked aspects of U.S. educational past to historical processes such as class, race, gender, wage labor, family structure, and government. Attempt to understand persistence of inequality, discrimination, racism, and sexism. Critique: stripped some minorities of human agency. Blind to human motivation and aspiration.

200

Who was Horace Mann and what did he believe?

Horace Mann was a common school reformer and leader. He wanted to give children and youth access to education so he began to crusade for public education to promote common schools. Believed in education as a great equalizer and a way to make Americans.

300

According to Mary Kelley, why were female academies so important in the antebellum era? (She provides two central reasons).

Rise of female academies, especially in New England. FIRST: Importance of schooling in refinement, identified privilege, preserve legitimacy of rank-ordered society, emblem of elite standing AND SECOND: schooled them in principles of republican citizenship and prepared them to engage in cultural work of the nation

400

Name three reasons (and explain them) for the feminization of teaching. First, discuss why women entered teaching profession. Then, discuss why men left teaching profession.

For men, teaching as part-time job, women naturally suited to teaching, formalization of school system—longer school days and increase in teacher preparation, wages, urbanization. For women, change in demographics, Civil War, career opportunities in teaching and a commitment to it.

History & Writing

100

What is a primary source?

Primary source is a document, image, or artifact that provides us with evidence about the past.

200

What is MEAL Plan and why might it be useful?

MEAL Plan is a way to structure and revise paragraphs. Good method to make sure paragraphs are clear and concise. Not meant to be formulaic, though.

300

Define historiography, what does it do, and name two good reasons for why it’s important.

Historiography is study of the writing of history. Describes historical arguments, theories, and interpretations over time, Important: 1) how schools of thought on particular events change over time and 2) shapes the way we view history and 3) understand biases of historian.

400

What is the History of Education Society?

The History of Education Society is an international scholarly society. It promotes the teaching of the history of education in colleges and universities and encourages scholarly research on history of education. It publishes the History of Education Quarterly.