Immunology of Infection
HIV enters the cells by...
What is binding to the CD4 molecule on the surface of the lymphocyte?
What has decreased the incidence of OIs?
What are anti-retrovirals?
What pathogen is responsible for Oral Hairy Leukoplakia?
What is Epstein-Barr Virus?
What are four common symptoms associated with PJP?
What are fever, progressive dyspnea, non-productive cough, and hypoxia?
Prescriptions for PrEP must not be continued beyond what period of time if an individual does not have a confirmed HIV-negative status?
What is 3 months?
What is the longest lasting phase of HIV infection?
What is the latent/asymptomatic phase?
What is primary prevention of OIs?
What is preventing 1st episode of disease?
What is the treatment given for Thrush?
What is the first line treatment for those with PJP?
What is Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole PO or IV x 21 days?
What are the 2 drugs used for PrEP in Canada?
What are TDF/emtricitabine (Truvada) and TAF/emtricitabine (Descovy)?
What is the window period for HIV testing?
What is 10 days to 4 weeks?
What is secondary prevention of OIs?
What is prevention of reactivation or recurrence of an infection after it has been treated?
When is primary prevention indicated when an individual has Toxoplasmosis?
What is when CD4 <100 and serum Toxo IgG is positive?
When is adjunctive therapy indicated for those with PJP?
What is when PaO2 <70 mm Hg or when A-a gradient > 35 mm Hg?
Following exposure, how long after should PEP be started and how long must it be taken for?
What is less than 72 hours and for 28 days?
What happens to the ratio of CD8 and CD4 cells in early HIV infection?
What is it decreases?
When should OI prophylaxis be initiated?
What is once CD4 <200?
What is an episodic treatment given to those with HSV?
What is valacyclovir, famciclovir, or acyclovir?
How long should secondary prevention be continued in those with PJP?
What is until CD4 >200 for at least 3 months?
When should IV zidovudine be given during labour?
What is when viral load > 1000 c/ml within 4 weeks of delivery, unknown viral load, suspected poor adherence to medication or positive rapid HIV test?
Why do opportunistic infections occur when HIV load increases?
What is T cell immunity degradation?
What is the most common OI in North America?
What is Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia?
What is the minimum treatment time for those with Disseminated MAC?
What is 12 months?
What are 3 common symptoms of treatment toxicity in those with PJP?
What are rash, fever, and leukopenia?
What viral load status of the mother would prompt 4 weeks of zidovudine administration within 6-12 hours of birth? What about triple therapy from birth to 6 weeks?
What is VL <50 c/ml? What is VL >50 c/ml?