Show:
Background / Pathophysiology
Side Effects
Pharmacokinetics
Prophylaxis / OIs
Miscellaneous
100
What is the most appropriate monitoring parameter to determine clinical response after initiating antiretroviral therapy?
HIV Viral Load
100
This Protease Inhibitor can cause nephrolithiasis and QTc prolongation.
Atazanavir (Reyataz, ATV)
100
Which class of antiretrovirals has then MOST interactions associated with it?
Protease Inhibitors
100
What is the preferred postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen?
Raltegravir 400mg PO BID + Truvada 1 PO once daily
100
This NNRTI is known for higher rates of virologic failure in patients with a baseline viral load >100,000 copies/mL.
Rilpivirine (Edurant, RPV)
200
What is the CDC’s Definition of AIDS?
1 or more of the following: Absolute CD4 <200 cells/mm3; CD4 percentage <14%; AIDS defining illness
200
Emtricitabine has this ADE associated with it.
Hyperpigmetation of palms and soles
200
What is one reason why “boosting” is beneficial?
Improves the pharmacokinetics; Reduces frequency
200
What is the biggest risk factor of pneumocystis pneumonia and what is the preferred treatment?
CD4 <200 cells/mm3 and Bactrim DS 2 tablets PO TID x 21 days
200
This Protease Inhibitor has a sulfa moiety and boosting is required.
Darunavir (Prezista, DRV)
300
The initial burst of viral replication during primary (acute) HIV infection occurs in which organ (system)?
GI tract
300
This NNRTI can cause vivid dreams and other CNS effects
Efavirenz (Sustiva, EFV)
300
Which two statins should be avoided with ALL protease inhibitors?
Lovastatin and simvastatin
300
What is the drug of choice (and duration) for treating candidiasis (“thrush”)?
Fluconazole 100mg PO daily x 7-14 days
300
This product contains 2 NRTIs that have activity against the Hepatitis B virus (Brand and generic components, please)
Truvada (Emtricitabine/Tenofovir)
400
What are the steps / stages of the HIV life cycle?
1. Binding (or attachment) 2. Fusion 3. Reverse Transcription 4. Integration 5. Transcription and Translation 6. Assembly 7. Budding.
400
This pharmacoenhancer inhibits tubular secretion of creatinine, thereby increasing SCr.
Cobicistat
400
This antiretroviral is dosed based on the presence of other agents that inhibit or induce CYP3A4
Maraviroc (Selzentry, MVC)
400
What is the preferred treatment agents for Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)?
Clarithromycin + Ethambutol +/- Rifabutin
400
Which InSTI-based product/regimen should NOT be started in patients with an estimated CrCl <70 mL/min and should be changed to an alternative regimen if the patient’s CrCl falls below 50 mL/min?
Stribild (Elvitegravir / Cobicistat / Emtricitabine / Tenofovir)
500
Approved in 1987, this was the first antiretroviral agent.
Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)
500
These 2 NRTIs are notorious for causing pancratitis and peripheral neuropathy
Didanosine (Videx, ddl) and Stavudine (Zerit, d4T)
500
This agent is the only integrase inhibitor that doesn’t interact with strong CYP3A4 inducers.
Raltegravir (Isentress, RAL)
500
When should you do primary prophylaxis for MAC and what is the preferred treatment regimen?
Primary prophylaxis when CD4 <50 cells/mm3; Preferred regimen = Azithromycin 1,200 mg PO once weekly, OR Clarithromycin 500mg PO BID, OR Azithromycin 600mg PO twice weekly
500
What are the 4 preferred regimens for Antiretroviral-naïve patients?
- Efavirenz/tenofovir/emtricitabine (Atripla) - Ritonavir boosted Atazanavir + tenofovir/emtricitabine (Truvada) - Ritonavir boosted Darunavir + tenofovir/emtricitabine (Truvada) Raltegravir + tenofovir/emtricitabine (Truvada)