Pathogenesis
The primary target cell of HIV
The standard screening test for HIV
What is the HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody immunoassay?
Prophylaxis needed when CD4 < 200
What is Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP)?
Standard "Triple Therapy" (ART)
What is Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) (typically 2 NRTIs + a third agent)?
The most common HIV-associated cancer
What is Kaposi Sarcoma (caused by HHV-8)?
The viral enzyme targeted by NRTIs
Used to monitor treatment efficacy
What is the HIV Viral Load (Quantitative RNA)?
Most common cause of retinitis in AIDS
What is Cytomegalovirus (CMV)?
A common side effect of protease inhibitors
What is Lipodystrophy or metabolic changes (e.g., hyperlipidemia)?
Neurological decline in late-stage AIDS
What is HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)?
Definition of AIDS based on CD4 count
What is a CD4 count below 200 (or presence of an AIDS defining illness)?
What is the HIV-1/HIV-2 differentiation assay (or Western Blot historically)?
Fungal infection causing "thrush"
What is Candida albicans?
Medication used for PrEP
What is Truvada or Descovy (Tenofovir/Emtricitabine)?
Wasting syndrome definition
What is involuntary weight loss of >10% of body weight with fever or diarrhea?
What is 2-4 weeks after initial exposure?
Window period for 4th gen testing
What is approximately 18 to 45 days
Prophylaxis for MAC (CD4 < 50)
What is Azithromycin (weekly)
Timing of PEP after exposure
What is within 72 hours (the sooner the better)?
Renal complication of HIV
What is HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)?
The significance of the CCR5 receptor
What is the co-receptor required for HIV entry into cells (a target for Maraviroc)?
Meaning of "undetectable" viral load
What is U=U (Undetectable = Untransmittable)?
Protozoan causing brain lesions
What is Toxoplasma gondii?
Major goal of starting ART early
What is maximal and durable suppression of viral load?
Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (IRIS)
What is an exaggerated inflammatory response to a pre-existing infection after starting ART?