7
Who are the scientists who discovered that DNA was the genetic material (and the helical shape)?
(there are 3!)
Hershey
Chase
Rosalind Franklin
What are the 2 types of inhibition?
Competitive
Non-competitive
What is a halophyte?
A plant that lives in saline soils
What are linked genes?
What are hybrioma cells?
Cancer cells mixed with plasma cells to create cells that produce a specific antibody indefinitely
Post transcription, what are the 3 stages completed?
1) Caping
- Methyl group to 5' end
- protection + recognition
2) Polyadenylation
- addition of poly-A tail to the 3' end
- stability
3) Splicing
- removing the introns + fusing the exons
Draw or explain the link reaction
Pyruvate (3c)
- Reduction NAD+ --> NADH+H
- Acetyl group is added
- decarboxylation
Acetyl CoA (2c)
Where does plant growth occur?
Meristems
5 mechanisms of change
(Hint: 5 fingers of evolution)
2) Movement (gene flow)
3) Mutation
4) Sexual reproduction
5) Small population (genetic drift)
What is the purpose of cartilage?
Smooth surface to allow easy movement, absorbs shock, and distributes the load.
How does a ribosome form the complete complex at the beginning of translation?
1) Small subunit attaches to mRNA 5' end
2) Reads the code until AUG
3) A large subunit aligns with the tRNA at the P site and attaches
Where does the krebs cycle occur?
The matrix of the mitochondria
What is the term for growth towards stimulus?
(Bonus: provide and example)
- e.g. phototropism
What is the difference between phyletic gradualism and punctuated equilibrium?
phyletic gradualism = species slowly change through a series of intermediate forms
punctuated equilibrium = long periods of relative stability are punctuated by periods of rapid evolution
What ion binds to tropin on the actin filament which causes tromomyosin to move, revealing the binding site?
Ca+ (calcium)
Which nitrogen bases are pyrimidines, and which are purines?
T and C are pyrimidines
A and G are purines
Within the calvin cycle, what is the enzyme involved with the carbon fixation stage?
Rubisco
Anther and filament
"The heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes"
Polyploidy
Which hormone helps regulate the concentration of urine in the collecting duct?
ADH, released by the pituitary gland
What is polysome?
A group of 2+ ribosomes translating a mRNA strand at once
What is the used in Melvin Calvin's autoradiography experiment?
What are gibberelins and what do they do?
The AB blood type is an example of what type of gene?
Co-dominant
What are the 5 stages of a developing sperm cell?
1) Spermatagonia
2) 1º spermatocyte
3) 2º spermatocyte
4) spermatid
5) sperm cell