Risk Factors & Culture
An external locus of control is a risk factor, systemic factor, or protective factor?
What is "risk factor"?
What is the term for peoples’ beliefs about their own capabilities to produce designated levels of performance?
What is Self Efficacy?
It is a person’s perception of the world that determines what an individual will and will not do in regard to their personal health – what is this model called?
What is the Health Belief Model?
Prevention strategies such as increasing the price of alcohol or cigarettes is an example of what type of prevention approach or strategy?
Environmental approach to prevention
What is a campaign to “sell” healthy behaviors called?
What is a Social Norms Marketing Campaign?
What are 4 domains in which risk and protective factors exist for a 13-year-old girl?
- Individual/peer
- Family
- School
- Community
How does self efficacy impact the influence people have over events that affect their lives?
Without self-efficacy, people would not perceive that they have any influence over the events that effect their lives
Key descriptors of the Health Belief Model include all except:
a)Perceived beliefs about health care
b)Perceived susceptibility
c)Barriers to taking action
d)Perceived seriousness
What is "A":
a) Perceived beliefs about health care
What might be two other examples of an environmental approach to prevention?
1. Age restrictions
2. Addressing location & density of retail outlets
3. Making certain behaviours illegal with legal consequences
What type of behavior does SNMC’s target and of which group of people?
Targets the unhealthy behaviour of the minority by promoting healthy behaviours practiced by the majority of the public.
There are 2 types of culture. What are they and how are they defined?
Surface culture includes visible characteristics
Deep culture includes invisible characteristics
What is the relationship between self-efficacy and locus of control?
Self-efficacy is directly related to internal locus of control - the higher the self efficacy the higher the internal locus of control
Is the relationship between Self-efficacy and the Health Belief Model a (a) direct relationship, an (b) inverse relationship, or an (c)multivariate relationship?
What is "Direct"?
An environment approach to prevention could include counter-advertising.
- True
- False
- Neither completely true nor completely false
What is "true"?
What is the product in a SNMC ad that reads:
"Most Montana young adults (4 out of 5) don't drink and drive"?
The healthy behaviour we are selling, which is: not drinking and driving
Name three examples of who the “experienced members” of a culture could be who pass down culture to successive generations.
These experienced members or carries include: family, faith based organizations, teachers, elders, peer groups, leaders, neighbors, social groups, media.
How does a positive social role model increase a person’s level of self-efficacy?
Vicarious experiences provided by social models can be a source of self-efficacy – “if the role model can do it, may be I can do it.”
What is the relationship between Self-efficacy and the Health Belief Model?
The higher the self-efficacy the greater the person will take control of their personal health – a direct relationship.
What is media literacy and how might it relate to prevention in some way?
It is “education which provides a framework to assess, analyze, evaluate the messages of media in a variety of forms” in order to not fall victim body image distortions and eating disorder behaviours.
What is the PRICE in a SNMC ad that reads:
"Most Montana young adults (4 out of 5) don't drink and drive"?
•What must the person give up in order to receive the benefits – not driving or not drinking
A culturally competent counsellor would research the history of his own culture. How might this be valuable in dealing with a client of another culture?
To be able acknowledge the historical relationship of one’s own cultures with that of a client’s.
Other than “vicarious experiences provided by social models”, what are 3 other sources of self efficacy?
The experience of mastery
Social persuasion
By reducing stress reactions and altering of negative thinking
The environment(s) chosen
How does the Health Belief Model relate to an addicted client in denial, in terms of:
a)Perceived susceptibility? (higher or lower)
b)Barriers to taking action? (higher or lower)
c)Perceived seriousness? (higher or lower)
In denial about their addiction:
a)Perceived susceptibility – would be higher
b)Barriers to taking action – would be greater
c)Perceived seriousness – would be lower
What are 3 of the questions associated with Media Literacy?
1. Who created this message?
2. What techniques are used to attract my attention?
3. How might different people understand this message differently from me?
4. What lifestyles, values, points of view are represented in, or omitted from, this message?
5. Why was this message sent?
There are 6 steps to a SNMC, what are 3 of them?
Step 1: Plan the approach
Step 2: Define the messages & communication channels
Step 3: Develop and do a pilot test
Step 4: Implement the Campaign
Step 5: Evaluation
Step 6: Use feedback and evaluation to refine campaign