WEEK #6
WHICH BEHAVIOUR CHANGE MODEL: A person is deciding whether to stop smoking. They weigh the benefits of better health and savings from not buying cigarettes against the difficulty of quitting and fear of withdrawal symptoms.
Health Belief Model
TYPE OF DELIVERED INTERVENTION: A health initiative in a community is led by a group of local volunteers who are trained to teach others about healthy eating. These volunteers play a major role in the success of the program.
Peer/Lay-Delivered Interventions
WHICH STEP IS THIS ON THE LADDER OF INTERVENTION: A government is considering a policy to increase access to healthier food options by offering tax incentives to grocery stores that sell fresh produce. This action aims to encourage healthy eating.
Guide Choice through Incentives
WHICH TYPE OF MARKETING IS THIS: This type of marketing uses commercial advertising principles to promote behavior change related to health, such as encouraging people to quit smoking or exercise more.
Social Marketing
This type of need is defined by experts or professionals based on objective standards.
Normative
WHICH BEHAVIOUR CHANGE MODEL: A young adult considers exercising more regularly. They are influenced by their friends who also work out and encourage them to join, along with their positive feelings about the benefits of staying fit.
Theory of Reasoned Action
WHICH STAGE IN THE LADDER OF PARTICIPATION: A group of residents voices their concerns about the lack of local health services. Instead of just hearing the concerns, the local government works with the community to co-create solutions.
Partnership (from Ladder of Participation)
WHICH STEP IS THIS ON THE LADDER OF INTERVENTION:A policymaker is considering banning unhealthy foods with high levels of trans fats in all restaurants and food establishments, with the goal of improving public health.
Restrict Choice
In the Diffusion of Innovation Model, these individuals are the first to adopt a new idea, behavior, or technology, and they are often seen as pioneers.
Innovators
In the 7-stage model of intervention planning, this is the first step, where the health issue, affected population, and key determinants are defined.
Identify the Problem
WHICH BEHAVIOUR CHANGE MODEL: A person wants to start eating healthier, but they feel unsure if they can resist cravings for junk food, despite knowing the long-term benefits of a balanced diet.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
WHICH STAGE IN LADDER OF PARTICIPATION: A new public health policy is announced in a community, and the community is given a chance to provide feedback, although the final decision will still be made by the authorities.
Consultation (from Ladder of Participation)
WHICH STEP IS THIS ON THE LADDER OF INTERVENTION: A company is required by law to provide health information about the risks of consuming its products, like nutritional labels on packaged foods, so that consumers can make informed decisions.
Provide Information
According to Lasswell's Model, this question asks about the credibility of the source delivering a health message.
Who?
This phase of the PRECEDE/PROCEED Model involves assessing health issues related to lifestyle and environmental factors.
Phase 2: Epidemiological, Behavioral, and Environmental Assessment
WHICH STAGE OF CHANGE: A person is in the process of quitting smoking. They are planning their strategy for dealing with triggers, such as stress, that usually cause them to light up. They have already decided to quit and are preparing their environment to support their decision.
Preparation (from Stages of Change Model)
WHICH DILEMMA/ CHALLENGE IN COMMUNITY CENTERED APPROACH DOES THIS APPLY TO: A professional health worker is unsure about their role in a community-driven initiative. They are trying to find the balance between offering professional expertise and respecting the community's leadership in decision-making.
Role of the Professional
WHICH STAGE IS THIS IN HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT: A local government is determining whether a proposed urban development project should undergo an HIA. They assess whether it could affect the community’s health and well-being before proceeding.
Screening
WHICH TYPE OF MARKETING IS THIS: This approach to health promotion involves using the media to push for policy or social change, advocating for changes that will improve public health.
Media Advocacy
This type of evaluation assesses the immediate effects of an intervention, including changes in individual or environmental determinants.
Impact Evaluation
WHICH STAGE OF CHANGE: A person hasn’t yet considered changing their unhealthy diet because they don’t think it’s necessary or that it would be difficult, so they continue their current habits without awareness of the potential health risks.
Precontemplation (from Stages of Change Model)
WHICH ACTIVITY IS THIS IN THE STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY ACTION: A health initiative begins by working with local leaders to make sure everyone in the community feels included in discussions about the project, aiming to address diverse needs and opinions.
Negotiating
WHICH STAGE IS THIS IN HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT: In an HIA, a group of health experts conducts research to understand the potential health impacts of a new law regulating air pollution in the region. They look at potential benefits and harms to the population’s health.
Assessment
In the Diffusion of Innovation Model, these are the last group of individuals to adopt a new idea, behavior, or technology, and they tend to be more resistant to change.
Laggards
This research design follows an experimental pretest-posttest design, often regarded as the gold standard for evaluating interventions.
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)