You've Got Potential
A car requires energy to run. This type of energy is stored in the gasoline held in the car's gas tank.
What is chemical potential energy?
What common household appliance would change electrical energy to heat energy-a flashlight, a radio, a toaster, or a battery-powered walking robot?
What is a toaster?
This is the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves.
What is radiation?
HEAT is the movement of thermal energy from a ______________ object to a ____________ object.
What is from a warmer object to a cooler object?
Yes, an energy transfer has taken place. Conduction has allowed thermal energy to be transferred from the hot cocoa to the spoon.
Energy from the sun reaches the earth mostly through the process of _________________.
What is radiation?
Kinetic energy depends upon mass and speed, while gravitational potential energy depends on mass and _______________.
What is height?
An energy conversion from chemical to electrical to mechanical would be associated with which household item-an electric stove, a battery operated radio, a battery powered flashlight, or a battery operated fan?
What is a battery operated fan?
This form of energy travels as vibration and must have a medium (solid, liquid, gas) in order to travel.
What is sound energy?
Slade gets into the car to go to school on a chilly morning. During the ride to school, heated air from the dashboard vents moves throughout the car, circulating with the cooler air. Eventually, the air inside the car becomes warmer. This process would best be described as this form of thermal energy transfer.
What is convection?
Olivia buys a balloon at the carnival. When it is time to go home, she takes the balloon with her. When the balloon is placed in the hot car, what will happen to the speed of the air particles it contains and to the diameter of the balloon?
The speed of the air particles and the diameter of the balloon will increase as the temperature increases.
Energy is measured using this unit.
What is the joule?
A compressed spring or a stretched rubber band would have this type of energy.
What is elastic potential energy?
Lauren places some cans of soda into a cooler filled with ice. Later in the day, she finds that the cans are noticeably colder. What has happened to the total amount of energy in the cooler and the amounts of energy in the cans of soda and the ice?
The total amount of energy in the cooler if basically the same. However, energy from the cans of soda has been transferred to the ice.
Would fossil fuels and nuclear energy be considered renewable or nonrenewable? Explain why.
What is nonrenewable? They are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replaced in a short amount of time.
A measure of the average speed of the particles that make up a substance is the ________________ of that substance.
What is temperature?
A material that is a poor conductor of thermal energy would be called a/an ____________________.
What is an insulator?
*Materials such as wood, foam, plastic, and cloth are examples of thermal insulators. Metals are excellent thermal conductors.
Sam pushes a heavy box but isn't able to move it. This is amount of work that has been done.
What is no work? Since work=force x motion, if there is no motion, zero work has been done no matter what amount of force is exerted.
Zamiyah holds an apple and then lets it fall to the ground. As it falls, ___________ energy is changing to _________________ energy.
What is potential energy is changing to kinetic energy?
Kate's father is driving her to school. A car runs out in front of them, and Kate's father slams on the brakes, preventing and accident and bringing the car to a stop. The kinetic energy from the car was changed into this form of energy as the car skidded to a stop.
What is thermal energy?
The law of conservation of energy indicates that energy can be __________________, but it can NOT be _________________ or ___________________.
What is transformed or changed; created or destroyed?
The total amount of energy (kinetic and potential) for an object or a group of objects would be this type of energy.
What is mechanical energy?
The energy that results from the motion and position of particles within the substance would be this type of energy.
What is thermal energy?
Daniel uses a hammer to hit a nail, driving it into a piece of wood. He says that the kinetic energy from the hammer has been converted into sound, kinetic, electrical, and thermal energy. All are correct except this one.
What is electrical energy? The nail is moved into the wood (kinetic). We hear the hammer strike the nail (sound), and the wood and nail will heat up from friction (thermal). No electrical energy is produced.
What is chemical (apple) to mechanical (turning the pedals) to electrical (traveling along a wire) to light/radiant (light bulb lights up). *The light bulb will also release some thermal energy, but you didn't have to include this information.
Carmen drops a tennis ball to the ground, she hears it bounce approximately 5 times before it comes to rest on the floor. It did not continue to bounce. This is because some of the energy is "lost" as it is converted to ______________ energy and __________________ energy.
What is thermal energy (friction with the ground) and sound energy?
Within the sun, hydrogen atoms go through the process of fusion to form helium atoms. This releases energy that was stored in the nuclei of the atoms, and heat and light are produced. Based on this information, what type of energy powers the sun-electromagnetic, nuclear, mechanical, or thermal?
Because energy that was stored in the nucleus of the atom is being released, the energy source is nuclear.
Which would have a higher specific heat-the water at the beach or the sand at the beach?
What is the water? Water has a higher specific heat than sand. It takes more energy to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water than it does to raise the temperature of 1 kg of sand.
A cup of tea and the water in a bathtub are at the same temperature. However, this one would have more thermal energy.
The bathtub would have more thermal energy because it has many more particles at that given temperature.
Lacie starts a fire and then toasts a marshmallow using the heat it releases. (3 parts below)
A. What energy conversion has occurred when she starts the wood burning?
B. What type of thermal energy transfer-radiation, conduction, or convection-toasts the marshmallow?
C. When Arianna tries to remove the marshmallow from the stick, it burns her fingers. What type of thermal energy transfer-radiation, conduction, or convection-causes this?
A.) What is chemical (chemical potential energy is stored in the wood) to thermal energy? *You can also include light with the thermal energy. REMEMBER: Most things that release light will also release heat and vice versa.
B.) The marshmallow is toasted through the process of radiation.
C.) Arianna's fingers are burned because of conduction.