Cell Transport
This type of transport uses energy (ATP)
Active (also accepted, endo/exocytosis, protein pumps_
What are the three components of the circulatory system?
Heart, blood, bloodvessels
Hormones are released from glands and travel through _____________ to the receptors on target cells.
The bloodstream
Where the endocrine system uses hormones to send messages, what does the nervous system use?
Electrical impulses
Explain the process of a negative feedback loop.
A stimulus happens that takes the body out of homeostasis. The body recognizes this and creates a response to return the body to homeostasis.
The diffusion of water
Osmosis
In what structure in the lungs does gas exchange take place?
The alveoli
What is the function of a ribosome?
Produce amino acids/ proteins to perform specific cell functions
Describe the pathway that an impulse takes in the nervous system.
Sensory neuron- Interneuron (spinal chord)- Brain- Interneuron - Motor neuron
What does the skin excrete?
Water, heat, salt
Explain 2 key differences between facilitated diffusion and protein pumps.
Facilitated diffusion: Moves from high to low concentration, does not use ATP, protein does not change shape
Protein Pumps: Moves from low to high concentration, uses ATP, protein does change shape
What type of blood vessel takes deoxygenated blood back to the heart?
Veins
What macromolecule are hormones
Lipids
What are the two parts of the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal chord
Explain why the release of oxytocin to promote uterine contractions during childbirth is a positive feedback loop.
The release of oxytocin promotes contractions, which promotes the release of more oxytocin.
What cell organelle (made up from part of the cell membrane) is used to store materials going out or coming into the cell during endocytosis and exocytosis?
Vessicles
What is the name of the structure in the back of your throat that air passes through?
Pharynx
Insulin is a hormone produced to lower blood sugar, typically released after eating. What kind of feedback loop does insulin use?
Negative!
Nervous
What do the kidneys excrete?
Urine, excess water, excess salts/ sugars (waste from the body)
Explain how gas exchange uses diffusion and concentration gradients
There is a high concentration of oxygen in the alveoli, and a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. In diffusion small uncharged molecules (such as these gases) move from high to low concentration, so blood receives oxygen and the carbon dioxide moves into the alveoli to be exhaled.
Your muscles need more oxygen delivered to them, so your heart beat will increase to circulate oxygenated blood through your body!
What cell organelle is responsible for breaking down cellular waste?
Lysosome
Describe the role of the cell membrane
Protect the cell, control what goes into/ out of the cell
Where did Ms. Wheeler graduate from?
Emmanuel College