Thermoregulation
What does thermoregulation refer to?
What is, the regulation of internal temperatures.
What is the environmental change called?
What is, the stimulus.
What is the role of a neuron?
Specialised cell whose function is to receive and transmit information via electrical and chemical impulses from all around body, to other neurons, muscles or glands.
What does Homeostasis mean?
A process of maintaining a constant internal environment.
What is the hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose?
Insulin
What kind of feedback is thermoregulation?
Negative
What systems are responsible for releasing hormones to maintain homeostasis?
Nervous and endocrine systems
Name the three different types of neurons
Sensory, Interneurons, motor
Define positive feedback.
amplifies the initial change(stimulus)
What is the organ responsible for regulating blood glucose
Pancreas
What is the name of the receptor that detects changes in temperature?
Thermoreceptor
What is responsible for coordinating the response when the signal arrives from the receptor
Hypothalamus
What are the two branches that make up the nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Define negative feedback.
Body's response reverses the initial change to bring the body back to its normal state(set point)
Blood-Glucose homeostasis is part of what type of system.
a) Nervous System
b) Endocrine System
c) Skeletal System
Endocrine
What is the effector and response if there is an increase in body temperature?
Sweat glands: sweating
Blood vessels: Vasodilation(blood vessels become wider)
Behaviour: Take jumper off, seek shade, open windows, rest.
What are the components of a stimulus response model
1. Stimulus
2. Receptor
3. Modulator or control centre
4. Effector
5. Response
PNS can be divided into two main parts: Somatic and Autonomic systems. What are they responsible for?
Somatic: Voluntary responses eg closing eyes when bright
Autonomic: Involuntary responses eg heartbeat increasing
This is an example of negative feedback loop in Homeostasis
Temperature, blood glucose
Name of the disease that is caused when blood glucose is not regulated
Diabetes
Define Hyperthermia and Hypothermia and describe the temperature range for these?
Hypothermia: abnormally low body temperature (life-threatening below 35°C) .
Hyperthermia: abnormally high body temperature (life-threatening above 40°C) .
Which type of feedback loop is not a part of homeostasis
Positive feedback
When do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems activate?
•Sympathetic nervous system activates a fight or flight response and usually occurs when you are under stress. Prepares your body to run away or stay and fight
•Parasympathetic nervous system activates a rest and digest response. Helps you to conserve energy, relax and brings your heart rate down.
This is an example of positive feedback loop in Homeostasis
Childbirth, clotting
What is the role of insulin and glucagon in regulating blood glucose
Insulin: uptakes glucose from bloodstream into cells and stores it as glycogen
Glucagon: converts glycogen back to glucose and glucose is released back to bloodstream