homeostasis
Term used to describe the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment
What is Homeostasis?
The action of the response in negative feedback mechanisms
what is inhibition of the stimulus?
These crucial mechanisms in thermoregulation occur in the circulatory system
what are vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Force that moves a solute across a selectively permeable membrane
Term used to describe a buildup of placque in the arteries
What is atherosclerosis?
The name of the hormone involved in blood sugar regulation
What is insulin?
Term for change in the internal or external environment
What is stimulus?
Most common type of feedback in humans
What is negative feedback
Direction of solute movement in osmoregulation
What is high concentration to low concentration?
Term used to describe water's ability to absorb a large amount of heat energy without a significant rise in temperature
what is specific heat capacity?
Electrolytes that are homeostatically regulated include these
what are potassium, calcium, sodium, chloride, phosphorus, and magnesium
Term for component of feedback that detects change in the external environment
What is the receptor?
Term used to describe the optimal value or range at which a physiological variable is maintained
What is the set point?
Freshwater fish live in a hypotonic environment, meaning the water surrounding them has a _______ solute concentration than their body fluids
what is lower?
Term used to describe the attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding, this allows insects to "walk" on the surface
Cohesion
Types of feedback involved in homeostatic regulation
what are positive and negative feedback?
Term for the component of feedback that processes the information received
What is the control center?
If the body temperature drops below the set point, this part of the CNS sends signals to raise body temperature
What is the hypothalamus (control center)?
Example of a stimulus that can trigger a homeostatic response after a meal
What is a rise in blood glucose levels?
Difference between Type I and Type II DM.
In Type I DM the pancreas does not secrete insulin, in type II DM muscle cells are less sensitive to insulin
Examples of homeostatically regulated conditions
What are temperature, pH, and concentrations of various ions
Term for the component of feedback involved in carrying out the response
What is the effector?
Disruptions in ion concentrations, known as electrolyte imbalances, can lead to various health issues, including these
What are Cardiac Arrhythmias
Seizures
Muscle Cramps
Conditions that can lead to dehydration
Inadequate fluid consumption
Excessive sweating (diaphoresis)
Vomiting and diarrhea
Term used to describe disposal of waste products from the body
What is excretion?