Honors Marine, Unit 3: Properties of Water

Chemistry 101

100

The smallest unit of matter.

Atom

200

Protons and neutrons form the _______ of the atom.

Nucleus

300

A charged particle. Salt (NaCl) is an example of this.

Ion

400

Water molecules contain partial charges. They hydrogen atoms are ________ while the oxygen is _________.

Positive, Negative

500

The attraction between one water molecule to another is known as this.

Hydrogen bonding

Physical Properties of Water

100

The three states of water.

liquid, vapor, ice

or

solid, liquid, gas

200

Ice is _______ dense than liquid water.

Less

300

This property of water where the molecules on the top layer are able to better resist external forces is called this. This property also allows animals such as the Basilisk lizard to walk (or run) on water.

Surface Tension

400

Rapid change in Density is called what?

What is Pycnocline.

500

The amount of energy required to raise a mass of substance one degree Celsius.

Specific Heat

Physical Properties of Seawater

100

___________ increases with ocean depth.

(Hint, this is what Ms. Moore is under a lot of the time)

Pressure. 

200

What is isothermal and what is stratified? 

The Ocean is stratified at the equator and isothermal at the poles. 

300

Whales use this to communicate across distances. (Hint: it travels 4.5x faster in water than it does through air)

Sound

400

What is sublimation?

What is a change from solid to gas with no intermediate liquid stage. 

500

The mass of a substance / volume

Hint: The colder the water is, the _________ it becomes.

Density or Denser

Chemical Properties of Seawater

100

This compound is a common solute in seawater

Salt or NaCl

200

Increase of salinity leads to the increase of what?

Density

300

Organic in chemistry means something to do with what element?

Carbon

400

Dissolved gases in seawater will often reflect the concentration of gases in the atmosphere. This means that if oxygen increases in the atmosphere it will also __________ in seawater.

Increase

500

Define ocean acidification.

Hint, it has to do with a certain gas.

The increase uptake of CO2, causes the ocean to acidify.

Miscellaneous

100

The measure of the concentration of salt.

Salinity

200

What are the effects of ocean acidification?

Break down of calcium carbonate (shells, exoskeletons, etc)

Higher mortality rate of larvae

Change in marine life's behavior 

Change in organism's internal chemistry.

300

Oceans are able to regulate climate due to this property of water.

Heat capacity

400

How do trace elements become introduced to the marine environment?

hydrothermal vents

run-off

precipitation

pollution or human inputs

500

The average salinity level in the ocean is ____ %

3.5%