Foundations of Government
What document served as America’s first national government?
Articles of Confederation
What was the Connecticut Compromise?
It created a bicameral legislature (Senate & House).
Which branch makes federal laws?
Legislative Branch
What freedoms are guaranteed by the First Amendment?
Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition.
A person is arrested but never told their charges.
Violation of the 6th Amendment.
Why did the Articles of Confederation fail to provide stability?
The national government had no power to tax or enforce laws.
Who were the Federalists?
Supporters of a strong central government
Which branch enforces laws?
Executive Branch
What does the Second Amendment protect?
The right to bear arms.
A judge sets bail at $1,000,000 for a small crime.
Violation of the 8th Amendment.
What event exposed the weaknesses of the Articles?
Shays’ Rebellion
Who were the Anti-Federalists?
Supporters of state power and individual rights.
Which branch interprets laws?
Judicial Branch
The right against unreasonable searches and seizures is forfeited if law-enforcement establishes...
Probable Cause
Soldiers are housed in private homes during peacetime
Violation of the 3rd Amendment.
What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
To revise the Articles of Confederation
What was the 3/5 Compromise?
Each enslaved person counted as 3/5 of a person for representation.
In what way does the Legislative Branch check/balance the executive branch? What entity must begin this process?
The House can introduce articles of impeachment. The Senate tries the impeachment.
What does it mean to plead the 5th?
To remain silent, as the 5th amendment grants the right to not self-incriminate.
Police search a student’s phone without permission.
Violation of the 4th Amendment.
What was the major conflict between large and small states?
Representation in Congress.
What issue did the Great Compromise resolve?
Fair representation of all states in Congress.
How does the Legislative Branch check and balance the Supreme Court?
The Senate must confirm a President's selection for Supreme Court Justice.
What does the Eighth Amendment prohibit?
Cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail.
The federal government passes a law setting state-level tax rates for property.
Violation of the 10th Amendment – taxation powers at the state level belong to the states.