Skeleton/ Bone Markings
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What are the ends of a long bone called?
Epiphyses
What are the structural units of compact bone called?
Osteon
In embryo, the femur begins as what?
Bone resorption
Identify the shape of the bones that compose the vertebral column.
Irregular bone
What is the name of the structure located where bones articulate with one another?
Articular cartilage
True or false: Hematopoiesis occurs in yellow and red bone marrow.
False
Identify one bone that develops in embryo via intramembranous ossification.
Clavicle or flat bones of the skull
Grandma June has broken 5 bones since she turned 65. Even the slightest misstep has led to fractures. What condition has likely weakened her bones with age?
Osteoporosis
What type of bone marking appears as a hole or passage way?
Foramen
A young child gets a fracture at the portion of the humerus closest to the shoulder joint. What is the name of this location on the humerus bone?
Proximal epiphysis
What cells are found within the periosteum?
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
At what site does the growth of long bones occur?
Epiphyseal plate
Grandpa Joe falls down the steps of his house and fractures his femur into 5 jagged fragments. What type of fracture does Grandpa Joe have?
Comminuted
What are 3 functions of bone markings?
Sites of attachment, conduits for blood vessels and nerves, and joint surfaces
What tissue type composes the endosteum?
Connective tissue
Identify 2 organic components of bone.
Osteoblasts, osteoid, osteoclasts, osteocytes
Mr. Douglas' blood test results reveal extremely high blood calcium levels. The doctor predicts that Mr. Douglas may have low levels of a hormone that helps promote calcium deposition from the blood to the bone. What hormone could this be?
Calcitonin
The Smiths' new baby girl has trouble feeding, and her mouth appears to have a deformity. The pediatrician notes that her condition is caused by the failure of the palatine bones to fuse medially. What is the condition called?
Cleft palate
Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, tarsals, metatarsals, femur, tibia, fibula, patella
Fibers attach the periosteum to the outside of compact bone. What is the name of these fibers?
Sharpey's (perforating) fibers
Volkmann's canals
What are the cartilage cells doing during the proliferation zone of longitudinal growth?
Mitosis
An astronaut returns to Earth after spending weeks in space. When he returns, he resumes his daily morning jogs. He complains of pain in his lower limbs. His doctor notices a decrease in bone mass on his X-rays. What could explain this decrease in bone mass?
Wolff's law; without the force gravity in space, the bones were not able to grow