Diabetes Oral Meds
Type II only
Which insulin class has the quickest onset of action?
Rapid/Immediate acting insulins
Is Methimazole used for hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism?
Hyperthyroidism
Chronic use of corticosteroids can lead to Cushing Syndrome. Name one drug that is a corticosteroid.
Fluticasone (Flovent), Budesonide (Pulmicort), Prednisone, Methylprednisolone (Solumedrol), Dexamethasone (Decadron)
True or false: Insulin is the only diabetes medication that is injected SQ?
False
Some GLP-1 Receptor agonists are SQ (Liraglutide - Victoza, Dulaglutide - Trulicity). Amylin Analogs are also SQ - Pramlintide (Symlin)
Which oral medication is the most commonly prescribed for patients with type II diabetes?
Metformin
How long does Lispro (Humalog) take to begin working?
10-30 minutes
What is Levothyroxine (Synthroid) used for?
Hypothyroidism
Thyroiditis symptoms might be managed with antiinflammatories like NSAIDs. Name 2 NSAIDs.
Ibuprofen, Naproxen (Aleve), Aspirin
NSAIDs
What are some ways oral diabetes medications work?
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
a) increasing insulin sensitivity
b) reducing gluconeogenesis in the liver
c) slowing gastric absorption of glucose
d) replacing the body's insulin with outside insulin
A, B, and C
Which type of insulin reduces the risk of hypoglycemia?
Long-acting insulins (Degludec, Detemir, Glargine)
How should Levothyroxine (Synthroid) be administered?
In the morning on an empty stomach, 30-60 min before food or other drugs
If a patient has thyroiditis related to a bacterial infection, what kind of medication will they likely need to take?
Why would a patient with hepatic encephalopathy be prescribed Lactulose?
To decrease ammonia by trapping it in stool and encouraging increased bowel movements
What is one substance that interacts with Metformin?
IV contrast
Is Regular Insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R) used for basal control throughout the day or for bolus control at meal times?
Bolus control at meal times (short-acting)
A patient with Hoshimoto thyroiditis might need to take what medication for their thyroid levels?
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Name one medication a liver patient might use if they needed to decrease fluid buildup from ascites.
Spironolactone, Furosemide (Lasix)
A patient who had a parathyroidectomy will need to take what two supplements?
Calcium and Vitamin D
What is a common root word that is present in the names of many oral diabetes medications?
Glip, Glit, Gly, Glif, Glut
What does it mean when an insulin has a fraction? (Ex: 70/30)
It is a combination insulin (Short or rapid mixed with intermediate acting)
A patient with a thyroidectomy will need to take what medication for the rest of their lives?
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Patients with hypoparathyroidism will need to take Calcium. Which supplement will they also need to take?
Vitamin D
Name one class of medications that might impair insulin action and be contraindicated for patients with diabetes.
Corticosteroids, Certain antihypertensives, Certain Antipsychotics