Cells & Organelles
This organelle is known as the “site of the ATP production”
mitochondrion
This organ pumps blood throughout the body.
heart
These are different forms of the same gene
These tiny entities can only reproduce inside a host cell.
viruses
This enzyme cuts DNA at specific sequences called restriction sites.
restriction enzyme
Which evidence best supports the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts AND mitochondria?
A. Both produce ATP.
B. Both contain double membranes and circular DNA.
C. Both contain ribosomes.
D. Both are involved in energy transformations.
B
These blood vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
This chart predicts possible offspring genotypes from parental alleles.
Punnett square
These white blood cells “eat” pathogens as part of the innate immune response.
macrophages
This enzyme glues DNA fragments together.
DNA ligase
These organelles are the site of protein synthesis.
ribosomes
This muscle type is involuntary and found in organs like the intestines and stomach.
smooth muscle
This type of inheritance shows both alleles equally, like AB blood type.
Codominance
This structure on bacteria helps them stick to surfaces and is important in infections.
pili
This technique amplifies DNA, making millions of copies.
PCR
This process describes how cells engulf large particles using “cell eating.”
phagocytosis
This brain structure controls balance and coordination.
cerebellum
This law states that alleles for different traits separate independently during gamete formation.
Independent Assortment
This type of pathogen is eukaryotic and includes yeasts and molds.
fungus
This process separates DNA fragments by size using an electric current.
What is gel electrophoresis?
This part of the cytoskeleton is made of tubulin and helps separate chromosomes during mitosis.
microtubules
This hormone, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels.
insulin
State the two equations of Hardy–Weinberg Principle
p+q=1
p2+2pq+q2=1
This immune response creates memory cells after exposure to an antigen.
Adaptive (specific) immune response
This temperature-stable enzyme is essential for PCR.
Taq polymerase