Liver
Liver
Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis
100
Which of the following are appropriate for treatments of acute pancreatitis? SATA
A. NPO with IV fluids
B. Pain management
C. Physical and occupational therapy
D. Proton pump inhibitors
A, B & D.
100
Which of the following are complications of Portal HTN? SATA
A. Esophageal Varices
B. Splenomegaly
C. Compromised MS system
D. Hepatic Encephalopathy
A. B. D.
In portal hypertension is the portal vein becomes narrow due to scar tissue in the liver. The pressure is increased in the portal vein and affects the organs connected via the vein to the liver. The patient may experience ascites, enlarged spleen "splenomegaly", and esophageal varices etc
100
Identify signs and symptoms of liver cirrhosis.
A. Fatigue
B. Increased appetite
C. Edema
D. Nausea
E. Jaundice
A, C, D, E
100
Patient who is experiencing hepatic encephalopathy is having issues with toxin build up in the body, specifically ammonia. Patient should avoid which of the following food item on the tray?
A. Salad with grilled fish
B. Mashed potatoes with low fat gravy
C. Hamburger with broccoli
D. Rice with vegetables
C. Ammonia is the byproduct of protein breakdown, and normally the liver can take the ammonia from the protein breakdown and turn it into urea. With Cirrhosis this is not possible. Therefore, the patient should consume foods LOW in protein until the encephalopathy subsides
100
This is fat build up in the liver? This is one of the causes of cirrhosis that is not caused by alcohol use
What is Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)?
This is much more serious than a simple fatty liver. NASH means you have inflammation in your liver. The inflammation and liver cell damage that happen with NASH can cause serious problems such as fibrosis and cirrhosis,
200
What are risk factors for pancreatitis? SATA
A. Alcohol and smoking
B. Gall stones
C. History of pancreatic cancer
D. Coronary artery disease
A & B
200
Which medicine helps prevent the buildup of ammonia and other natural toxins in the large intestine.
A. Betablockers
B. Ammonia
C. Lactulose
D. Nitrates
C. Lactulose
200
What are some complications with Liver Cirrhosis?
A. High blood pressure in the veins that supply the liver.
B. Malnutrition
C. Increased blood clotting
D. Build up of toxins in the brain
a b d
200
Patient with cirrhosis has severe splenomegaly. Patient will have the following manifestations. Select all that apply:
A. Thrombocytopenia
B. Vision changes
C. Increased PT/INR
D. Leukopenia
A, C, D.
The spleen stores platelets and WBCs. An enlarged spleen can develop due to portal hypertension, which causes the platelets and WBCs to become stuck inside the spleen due to the increased pressure in the hepatic vein (hence lowering the count and the body’s access to these important cells for survival
200
Procedure in which a needle is inserted through the abdominal wall to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity.
What is paracenthesis?
300
Choose clinical manifestations of Pancreatitis. SATA
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Cullen sign +
C. Mid epigastric pain
D. Left sided pain
A, B and C
300
What are causes of liver cirrhosis? Select all that apply.
A. Chronic hepatitis C
B. Alcoholism
C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
D. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
E. all of the above
E
300
These cells reside in the liver and help remove bacteria, debris, and old red blood cells.
A. Hepatocytes
B. Langerhan cells
C. Enterocytes
D. Kupffer cells
D. Kupffer cells.
These cells play a role in helping the hepatocytes turn parts of the old red blood cells into bilirubin.
300
Which of the following findings shows that lactulose is working effectively? Select all that apply:
A. Decrease albumin levels
B. Decrease in Fetor Hepaticus
C. Increased disorientation
D. Decreased ammonia blood level
E. Presence of asterixis
B and D.
300
Which electrolyte should be limited for a patient with liver cirrhosis?
A. Magnesium
B. Glucose
C. Sodium
D. Calcium
C. Sodium
400
What are nursing interventions for Hepatitis? SATA
A. Small frequent meals
B. Frequent rest periods
C. Refrain from sharing razor and toothbrush
C. Diligent hand washing
A, B, C & D.
400
What are risk factors for poor liver function? Select all that apply.
A. Increased drug toxicity
B. Decreased bilirubin levels
C. Increased albumin
D. Impaired blood sugar regulation.
E. Impaired protein metabolism
a, d, e,
400
Which of the following labs are significant when suspecting liver cirrhosis?
A. ALT
B. AST
C. Total Bilirubin
D. Albumin
E. All of the above
E.
ALT = Enzyme in the liver that is elevated with injury
AST = Elevated with liver injury as it is released into the blood
400
The liver cells fail to remove estrogen properly from the body, which causes the following symptoms?
A. Gynecomastia.
B. Spider Angioma.
C. Decreased libido
D. All of the above
D.
400
This procedure can divert fluid from the abdominal cavity and may be used to treat ascites that does not respond to other forms of treatment.
What is transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
500
Which of the following cause cirrhosis of the liver?
A. Obesity
B. Alcohol
C. Blockage of the bile duct
D. Hep C
E. None of the above
A. Obesity
B. Alcohol
C. Blockage of the bile duct & D.
All will contribute to cirrhosis of the liver
500
A patient with late-stage cirrhosis develops portal hypertension. Which of the following options below are complications that can develop from this condition? Select all that apply.
A. Increased albumin levels
B. Ascites
C. Splenomegaly
D. Fluid volume deficient
E. Esophageal varices
B, C, E
The answer are B, C, and E. Portal Hypertension is where the portal vein becomes narrow due to scar tissue in the liver, which is restricting the flow of blood to the liver. Therefore, pressure becomes increased in the portal vein and affects the organs connected via the vein to the liver. The patient may experience ascites, enlarged spleen “splenomegaly”, and esophageal varices etc.
500
Which is NOT a test used to diagnose liver cirrhosis?
A. Liver Biopsy
B. Blood test
C. Ultrasound
D. Urine Culture
E. MRI
D
500
All of these are contraindicated in patient with esophageal varices. Select all that apply.
A. Eating soft diet
B. Alcohol consumption
C. Excessive coughing
D. Straining during a bowel movement
B, C, D
Esophageal varices are swollen veins in the esophagus.
The patient should avoid activities that could rupture these vessels, such as excessive cough, drinking alcohol, and constipation
500
These techniques may be used to treat and prevent variceal bleeding in the esophagus.
What is Endoscopic variceal banding or sclerotherapy?