Biological Influences of Stress
What are the effects of stress on heart rate?
Increased heart rate
The experience of “___” is determined by how it is perceived. One might say, “___” is in the eye of the beholder.
Stress
Name 3 possible external factors that can lead to the amplification of stress.
SES, gender, race/ethnicity, age
What neurochemical has been used in studies to reduce female participants’ anxiety and stress levels and improve social cognition?
Oxytocin
How many chairs are in this room?
63
What are the body’s 2 separate responses to stress and relaxation commonly known as?
Fight/flight and rest/digest
What is the stress generation hypothesis?
People may create their own negative life experiences based on their behavior/personality
What is the biggest external factor influencing someone’s stress levels?
Socio-economic status (SES)
Whereas men tend to use more ___ strategies to cope with stress, women rely more on ___ regulation.
active; emotional
Name an uncommon pet professor Cheng had.
Chicken
What division of the nervous system is activated when a person is experiencing stress?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What nervous system results in an increase in heart rate and arterial pressure when stressful conditions ensue?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What is a collectivist orientation?
A belief emphasizing on interdependence and shared goals, it sees individuals as part of larger groups (family and society)
Which of the “Big 5” personality traits is more likely to lead to negative emotions, like anxiety and depression?
Neuroticism
What percent of your grade are exams worth in this class?
50%
When our body senses a threat, our sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is activating our postganglionic neurons to secrete what?
Catecholamines: hormones produced in the adrenal glands in response to stress (e.g., noradrenaline/norepinephrine)
What are the three phases of a stressful experience based on the transactional model of stress?
Primary, Secondary, Reappraisal
What is an individualist orientation and what is it a characteristic of?
A belief in the independence of self from others, it is a characteristic of Western societies
What are the 6 main categories of coping that are discussed in the textbook?
Problem-focused coping, emotion-focused, coping engagement (approach) coping, disengagement (avoidance) coping, proactive (anticipatory) coping, & meaning-focused coping
Who is the author of our textbook?
Leslie D. Fraizer