Formatting
Which of the following direct quotes and/or paraphrases are formatted correctly?
1. Dawson claims tutors are rock stars (Smith, 2021, p. 3).
2. Vicky Dawson (2021) argues "tutors are a valuable resource for students (pp. 3).
3. Dawson states "tutors are a valuable resource..." and contribute to student growth (2021, p.3).
None of the them:
These are correct:
1. Dawson (2021) claims tutors are rock stars (p. 3).
2. Dawson (2021) argues, "tutors are a valuable resource (p. 3).
3. Dawson (2021) states, "tutors are a valuable resource..." and contribute to student growth (p. 3).
Purdue OWL: In-text citation basics
APA Manual page: Back of the front cover.
What kind of indent should be used for APA references?
Hanging indentation
APA Manual, page: 317 (Shows examples)
Purdue OWL: Reference citation basics
Which in-text citation is correct?
1. Smith states....(as cited in Jones 2022).
2. Smith (2015) argues that...(as cited in Jones, 2022, p. 3).
3. Smith argues...(as cited in Jones, 2022, pp. 3-10).
4. Jones cites Smith (2015) who argues...(Jones 2022, p. 3).
#3 Smith argues....(as cited in Jones, 2022, pp. 3-10).
Bonus: Which source is the primary and which is the secondary source?
Purdue OWL, In-text Citations: Author/Authors. "Citing Indirect Sources" https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_author_authors.html
Which point of view would you most likely avoid using in APA? And, whose rule is this?
2nd person point of view (You, we, our, us).
According to the APA website, they do not have any rules against using APA. However, they do state that in academia it's often frowned upon. Instructors believe it can sound too informal.
APA website: https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/second-person-myth
APA manual does not address point of view
True or False:
Jargon is very important in APA writing to ensure the writer demonstrates their mastery of language within a specific discourse community.
False.
"Overuse of jargon, even in papers in which that vocabulary is relevant, hinders comprehension... Ensure that language you use allows readers to understand your writing even if they are not experts in your field, and define on first use any specialized terms that are key to your topic" (APA Manual, 2020, 116).
How many heading levels are there in APA?
5 levels
APA Manual: Front page, back cover or Page 48.
Where should you use an & for in-text or reference citations?
Between the last author and the one before in both in-text end citations and reference citations.
(Smith & Jones, 2024).
How do you cite a personal communication in-text and on the reference page?
1. In-text: (V. Dawson, personal communication, November 13, 2024.)
Reference: none
2. In-text: (V. Dawson, Personal Communication, November 13, 2024.)
Reference: (V. Dawson, Personal Communication, November 13, 2024).
3. In-text: V.L. Dawson, personal communication, November 13, 2024.
Reference: (V. Dawson, personal communication, November 13, 2024).
#1
APA manual: Pg. 260
Purdue OWL: In-Text Citations: Author/Authors "Personal Communication"
What is person-first language? And, why is it important?
Person first language puts the person first, rather than a label. So, instead of "disabled person" it would be person with a disability. Homeless versus person who is un-housed.
"Choose labels with sensitivity, ensuring that the individuality and humanity of people are respected. It helps prevent equating someone with their condition."
APA Manual: 133
What edition is APA on?
Bonus: Why is that important to be aware of? --(You won't find this in a resource).
7th edition
There were significant changes from 6th-7th. Plus, some faculty are still using and requiring citation formats from APA 6th edition.
Besides the title page, where else does the title of the paper belong, and how is it formatted?
Centered on the second page, bolded, and in title case.
APA: page 48
Purdue Sample paper:
On the reference page, up to how many authors should you list before using et al.?
"Provide surnames and initials for up to and including 20 authors. When there are two to 20 authors, use the & before the final author's name."
Smith, A.J., Taylor D. F., & Wyatt S. L.
APA manual page: 286
Purdue OWL: Reference List: Author/Authors "Three to Twenty Authors."
What goes together like peanut putter (jelly) in a proper APA in-text citation?
Author (year)
APA manual page: 262
Purdue OWL: APA Citation Basics https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_the_basics.html
Generally speaking, which numbers should you spell out, and which can you write as numerals?
Numbers 0 through 9 are expressed in words. Numbers above 10 are expressed in numerals.
APA manual page: 178
What do undergraduate students no longer need to include on the title page that professional and doctoral students do?
The running head.
Purdue OWL: Sample paper https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/apa_sample_paper.html
Which works are italicized in APA reference lists?
Stand-alone works: books, reports, films, songs, webpages; Periodical titles: journals, magazines, newspapers, blogs, etc.)
APA Manual, page: 170
What should you write if there is no date?
n.d.
Purdue OWL: In-Text Citations: Author/Authors. "Unknown Author and Unknown Date."
When should you use "and" between authors instead of an &?
When you introduce an author as part of the sentence. According to Smith and Jones (2022)...
APA manual page: 266
Purdue OWL: In-Text Citations Author/Authors https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_author_authors.html
When should you spell something out and when should you use the abbreviation?
The first time you use a term that has an abbreviation, spell it out and include the abbreviation right after. Thereafter, the abbreviation can be used.
American Psychological Association (APA)
APA manual page: 173
How is a running head formatted if you're working with a graduate student?
Tutors Are the Best Colleagues to Work with in the Entire World: They Make Work Fun and Enjoyable.
TUTORS ARE THE BEST COLLEAGUES (flush left, in all caps)
APA manual Page 37
"The running head should contain a maximum of 50 characters, counting letters, punctuation, and spaces....Write the running head in the page header, flush left, in all-capital letters, across from the right-aligned page number" (APA Manual, 2020, p. 37).
Purdue OWL: "The running head is a shortened version of the paper's title that appears on every page. It is written in all capitals, and it should be flush left in the document's header. No "Running head:" label is included in APA 7. If the paper's title is fewer than 50 characters (including spaces and punctuation), the actual title may be used rather than a shortened form."
In a reference citation, which words are capitalized in an article title?
First word, first word after a colon, and proper nouns only.
Purdue OWL: "When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns."
What does DOI stand for?
Digital Object Identifier
Purdue OWL: Reference List: Electronic Source. "Online Scholarly Journal Article: Citing DOIS."
How should a long quote, or block quote be formatted in APA?
Write it correctly on the board:
From the Marian E. Wright Writing Center website on paragraph 2 accessed 2024.
Our center helps students, faculty, and staff with writing and speaking needs. Highly trained student tutors work with students at all academic levels and from all disciplines, providing in-person and online tutoring. We conduct in-class and co-curricular writing workshops on topics ranging from writing resumes to how to do peer reviews.
The Marian E. Wright Writing Center offers support to several communities on campus:
(indented .5)Our center helps students, faculty, and staff with writing and speaking needs. Highly trained student tutors work with students at all academic levels and from all disciplines, providing in-person and online tutoring. We conduct in-class and co-curricular writing workshops on topics ranging from writing resumes to how to do peer reviews. (Marian. E. Wright Writing Center, 2024, para. 2)
APA manual page: 272
Purdue OWL APA Citation Basics: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/in_text_citations_the_basics.html
When is it more appropriate to use active or passive voice in APA?
"Both the active and passive voice are permitted in APA Style, but many writers overuse the passive voice. Use the active voice as much as possible to create direct, clear, and concise sentences."
Whereas, "The passive voice is acceptable in expository writing when focusing on the object or recipient of the action rather than the actor."
APA manual page: 118
What information is included on the title page of an APA paper?
Write it correctly on the board for an English Class for Jacob, and give your paper a fun title.
Page #: top right hand, in the header
Space down 4
(Centered on the page)
Paper title (title case, bolded)
Author name, includes middle initial
Author affiliation (department, school name)
Course number and name (ENG 112: Rhetoric and Composition)
Instructor name (use honorific "Dr." if appropriate)
Assignment due date (Month, day, year)
Purdue Sample paper: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/apa-7-student-sample-paper_pdf_update.pdf