Descriptive Methods
This method allows you to collect many data points quickly and for low cost
What is a survey
What is pre-test/post-test design
Calculated by finding the sum of all data points and dividing by n (number of data points)
What is the mean?
Investigating the biological causes of mental illness fall within this perspective
What is biological
"Anger is an adaptation that allowed us to defend our resources from predators and thieves" would be said by which psychological perspective?
What is evolutionary perspective
This method allows you to comment on the direction and strength of a relationship
What is a correlational Study
This is ensuring all participants have an equal chance of being assigned to any condition of your experiment
What is random assignment
The most frequently occurring data point in a sample
What is a mode?
This perspective would investigate childhood experiences to explain why your personality is the way it is
What is psychodynamic(new)/psychoanalytic(old)
Self actualization is the end goal according the Maslow, who subscribed to this psychological perspective.
What is Humanistic perspective
This method is used by mental health specialists to get a in depth picture of someone's life who is suffering from mental illness
What is a case study?
A researchers smile or a leading question are consider types of these
What are demand characteristics
Half of the data points fall below this, and half fall above it
What is the median?
Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner are associated with this perspective
What is behavioral perspective/ behaviorism
"People from the Midwest tend to treat strangers more politely than East Coast people" is something a psychologist from this perspective might say
What is the socio-cultural/cross-cultural perspective
This method involves researchers attempting to go unnoticed while writing notes on the behaviors they see
What is a naturalistic observation?
These are a two of the limitations of experiments
Conducted in highly controlled laboratory situations, could have little to do with actual behavior
Do not always generalize well, results cannot be applied to real situations or to a more general population
Could be unethical to create conditions that researchers want to study
Means derived from data set with low levels of this are more reliable than those with high levels of it
What is variability
What is cognitive
Being asked to describe your experience of riding a roller coaster is an example of this research technique used by Edward Titchener
What is introspection
a -.98 correlation coefficient shows this type of relationship
What is a strong negative correlation
These are the 5 tenants of ethics in psychology
1.) Informed consent and voluntary participation
2.) Protect participants from greater-than-usual harm and discomfort
3.) The Use of Deception
4.) Confidentiality of information
5.) Information about the study and debriefing
This is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics
Descriptive is using the data set to describe the sample from which it was taken
Inferential is generalizing measures to an entire population from which the sample was taken
This is the example of an eclectic approach that was given in class
What is the Biopsychosocial Approach
Wilhelm Wundt was studying this when he opened the first Psychological Laboratory in German
What is reaction time