HR 1 Review

Inflammatory and Autominnune Disorders

100

Most common, older than 60 yrs, considered noninflammatoy

Osteoarthritis

200

What are the options for pharmacologic management of RA?

NSAIDS, Methotrexate, BRMs, Glucoorticosteroids

300

What are nonpharmacologic management options for osteoarthritis?

Rest, exercise, joint positioning, heat/cold application, weight control, PT

400

Chronic, progressive, autoimmune disorder that causes major body organs and systems to fail

Systemic Lupus Erythematous

500

Urate crystals deposit in joints causing inflammation

Gout

Hypersensitivity and Allergy Conditions

100

Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, larynx, and neck

angioedema

200

Life threatening type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

Anaphylaxis

300

What is the first line drug for anaphylaxis usually given IM?

Epinephrine

400

What lungs sounds might you hear with an allergic reaction?

Wheezing, crackles, reduced breath sounds

Hoarsness and stridor as well

500

How does a patient manage allergic rhinosinusitis- nonpharm and pharm?

avoid known allergen, decongestants, anithistamines, leukotriene inhibitors, mast cell stabilizers, analgesics, immunotherapy

Musculoskeletal

100

Bone softening, lack of vitamin D, calcium and phosphate low or normal, PTH high or normal, ALK Phos high

Osteomalacia

200

What are ways patients can prevent osteoporosis?

increase calcium and vitamin D, smoking cessation, exercise, sun exposure, alcohol avoidance, limit carbonated beverages

300

What is the treatment for acute Osteomyelitis?

Antibiotics- at least 6 weeks, wound care, pain medication, hyperbaric chamber

400

What will you monitor for on a post op amputation?

tissue perfusion, bleeding, pain, infection, self-esteem, mobility

500

What are the complications of fractures?

Acute compartment syndrome, Hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock, fat embolism syndrome, VTE, infection

HIV/AIDS

100

Describe stage 1: Acute HIV infection symptoms

fever, sore throat, rash, night sweats, chills, HA, muscle aches

200

What is PCP?

Pneumocistic pneumonia: infection associated with AIDS causes inflammation and fluid build up in the lungs, caused by a fungus, 

300

What is the treatment for HIV and what is it's goal?

Antiretroviral medications. decrease viral load, maintain or raise CD4+ T cell counts, delay the development of HIV related symptoms and opportunistic diseases

400

What teaching should you give your patient about taking the medication for HIV?

Take it exactly as its prescribed, fit meds into your life, count doses in advance, keep a diary, use alarms, put in planner, call for refills before running out, supprt network, plan for traveling- adhere to the medication schedule 

500

When does HIV become AIDS?

Stage 3: HIV positive, and either have a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/mm³ or OI's (opportunistic infections)

Misc.

100

Patient in ER: RR of 7/min, ABG's: pH 7.25, PaCO2 65, PaO2 80, HCO3 28. What is your analysis?

Respiratory Acidosis

200

Constipation, diarrhea or both, chronic or recurrent, abdominal pain and bloating, LLQ pain, nausea with mealtimes or defacation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

300

A problem of alveoli, loss of elasticity, hyperinflation, increased A/P chest diameter, retention of CO2

Emphysema

400

What oxygen delivery system delivers the most accurate oxygen concentration without intubation?

Venturi Mask

500

What labs will you see with pancytopenia?

Decreased WBC, Decreased RBC, Decreased platelets