Germany
Karl Marx was the first close observer and critic of European capitalism, he and Friedrich Engels summarized their ideas in what book?
The Communist Manifesto
This ruler, born the archduchess of Austria, became known for spending lavishly while her French subjects were starving
Marie Antoinette
1814-15- Following the defeat of Napoleon, this meetings purpose was to determine the future of Europe and reestablish peace and stability by restoring the balance of power.
Congress of Vienna
These 2 "German" reformers have many differences in their beliefs one being, is salvation achieved through faith alone or good works AND faith?
Martin Luther and John Calvin
In the 18th century, Prussia focused on building a strong military to protect itself from Europes 2 most powerful armies (at the time). Who were they?
France and Russia
A German romantic landscape painter; one of his most famous works is "Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog"
Caspar David Friedrich
The "architect" of the Concert of Europe.
Klemens von Metternich
1555- This settlement granted Lutherans religious tolerance within the HRE.
Peace of Augsburg
This Habsburg is known for expanding his control into these territories, HRE, Austria, Spain, Northern Italy, and the Netherlands.
Charles V
After 1871, this Prime Minister attempted to maintain the balance of power through a complex system of alliances; Three Emperors’ League, Triple Alliance, Reinsurance Treaty.
Otto von Bismarck
1618- The last large religious war in Europe was fought in Germany and was between the Protestants and the Catholics.
30 Years War
Under which ruler was the "dual monarchy" established?
1648- This settlement, which marked the effective end of the medieval ideal of universal Christendom, also accelerated the decline of the HRE
The Peace of Westphalia
1514-15- Inspired by Luther's beliefs, peasants overburdened by taxes, rents, increasing labor demands, and landowners seizing pastureland sacked abbeys, burned homes, and fought nobles armies.
German Peasants War
1878- The Congress of Berlin was called to solve the growing tensions in the Balkans following what conflict?
The Russo-Turkish War
A German customs union established in 1834 under Prussian leadership. It created a free-trade area throughout much of Germany and is often seen as an important step in German reunification
the Zollverein
In 1908, what territories did Austria-Hungary annex that majorly upset Serbia?
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Under Joseph ll of Austria, this "proclamation" was signed protecting religious freedom for Jewish, Protestant, and Greek Orthodox citizens.
Edict of Toleration
1683- What battle marked the beginning of the Ottoman Empires decline, and who was it between?
Battle of Vienna, Ottoman Empire vs. the Holy Roman Empire
1884-85- Bismarck called this conference to set guidelines for the distribution of territories in Africa to maintain peace and stability among the European powers.
The Berlin Conference
This family became one of the worlds wealthiest manufacturers. In 1810, they started with the manufacturing of steel and invented a new method of manufacturing steel that helped them make weapons.
the Krupp Family
Changes within the Habsburg dynasty took place under this monarch during the 1700s. She made reforms such as limited landlords power, mandated public education, and did not believe in religious toleration.
Maria Theresa
Following the War of the Spanish Succession, the Peace of Utrecht attempted to accomplish the goals of countries involved, including the surrender of what 2 (modern day) countries to Austria?
Belgium and Luxembourg
What year was the name "Germany" used instead of the HRE or the German Confederation?
1867
Bismarcks use of Realpolitik influenced 3 wars to unify Germany, what are 2 of these wars?
War with Denmark, Seven Weeks War, Franco-Prussian War