economics
Limited quantities of resources to meet unlimited wants
scarcity
A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
Popular Sovereignty
Military alliance created in 1949 made up of 12 non-Communist countries including the United States that support each other if attacked.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
Students in an Iowa school were suspended for wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam war. Ruled that this suspension was unconstitutional and that public school students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse door." Upheld First Amendment Right to freedom of expression
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great liberties: freedom of the press, of speech, of religion, and of assembly.
First Amendment
an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined centrally by a government.
Command Economy
A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution.
Limited Government
a permanent global institution to promote international trade and to settle international trade disputes
World Trade Organization (WTO)
The Court held that the right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" protected by the 2nd Amendment is incorporated by the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment and applies to the states.
McDonald v. Chicago
Right to keep and bear arms
Second Amendment
economic system that combines both private ownership and government ownership of the means of production
Mixed Market
A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
Checks and Balances
Judicial branch of the UN.
Its main functions are to settle legal disputes between member countries.
World Court (International Court of Justice)
4th Amendment Case in which the Supreme court decided that a student may be searched if there is "reasonable ground" for doing so.
New Jersey v. TLO
No quartering of soldiers
3rd Amendment
Government policy attempts to manage the economy by controlling taxing and spending.
Fiscal Policy
the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government
Separation of Powers
An institution dedicated to promoting dialogue among countries with the goal of maintaining world peace.
United Nations (UN)
Fifth Amendment case in which the Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police.
Miranda v. Arizona
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
4th Amendment
Government policy that attempts to manage the economy by controlling the money supply and thus interest rates.
Monetary Policy
The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional
Judicial Review
An international organization founded under the terms of the first Geneva Convention. Its original duty was to care for those who were wounded, sick, or homeless in wartime. Today, it also attends to the victims of natural disasters.
International Red Cross
The 1974 case in which the Supreme Court unanimously held that the doctrine of executive privilege was implicit in the Constitution but could not be extended to protect documents relevant to criminal prosecutions
United States v. Nixon
A constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes, including protection against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and punishment without due process of law.
Fifth Amendment