The nature of light
The first person to work out a mathematical wave theory of light was:
Christian Huygens.
Of the proton, electron, neutron and the atom, which was the last to be discovered?
neutron
A mass defect is:
the difference between the masses of the products and the reactants in a nuclear reaction.
A moving negatively charged mass enters horizontally into a constant field, which is pointing vertically downwards. The motion of the mass will be most obviously:
parabolic, upwards in an electric field; horizontal and circular in a magnetic field.
Huygens’ principle states that each point on a wave behaves as a point source for waves. We do not see a series of circular waves because of:
We do not see circular waves because of the principle of superposition. The wavefront occurs where the tangents to the circular wavelets line up.
The observation of cathode rays in early observations was made possible only after:
very low pressures could be obtained within the tube.
Electrons are elementary particles because they:
cannot be broken down into other particles.
Electrons are leptons – a type of elementary particle that cannot be broken down into smaller particles.
An object undergoing uniform circular motion has:
non-zero acceleration.
Lenz’s Law states that an emf is induced between the ends of a loop whenever there is a change in area and?
change in magnetic flux; the induced magnetic flux is in the opposite direction to the original flux change.
Plank developed a mathematical ploy that:
explained the shape of the black body spectrum.
Planck assumed that energy was transferred in discrete packets (quanta) in order to explain the shape of the black body radiation spectrum.
Schrödinger’s quantum mechanical model of the atom had an
electron cloud around the nucleus.
Schrödinger’s quantum mechanical model arranges electrons in probability clouds around the nucleus, the denser the cloud the higher the probability of the electron being at that place.
Coulomb’s law of force is dissimilar to Newton’s law of universal gravitation because:
it can be attractive or repulsive.
When cornering on a banked road, without using friction between the tyres and the road, the net force must be
Horizontal
Magnetic flux through a coil in a magnetic field can change if:
the magnetic field doubles as the area of the coil doubles.
The purpose of the Michelson–Morley experiment was:
to detect the aether.
The moderator in a nuclear reactor:
slows neutrons down, so they will cause further fission.
The moderator rods contain neutron-slowing material so further fission from the slowed neutrons is more likely.
The quantisation of the angular momentum of electrons in orbit around the nucleus means that:
electrons cannot have a continuous range of values of angular momentum.
Quantisation of angular momentum means that only certain discrete values can be possessed.
Kepler’s three laws were empirical. This means that the laws were:
deduced only from the data.
A bar magnet is dropped vertically down a short length of copper pipe. The magnet accelerates down the pipe at a rate less than the acceleration due to gravity because
the average emf induced by eddy currents in the copper pipe is upwards.
All bodies that are at a temperature of more than 0 K:
both absorb and emit radiation.
If the surroundings are warmer than the object, it will absorb more than it emits, and if the surroundings are cooler than the object, it we will emit more than it absorbs, but it is always doing both.
What would be the outcome if a proton collided with an anti-proton?
Both particles would be annihilated and energy in the form of gamma radiation would be emitted.
When any matter particle collides with its anti-matter equivalent, both particles are annihilated and their masses converted to energy as gamma radiation.
A particle with mass and charge is launched into a constant field at an angle, theta è, to the field lines. The field lines may be in any direction. The path of the particle while in the following field could be:
Electric field:
Magnetic field:
Gravitational Field:
parabolic in an electric field; helical in a magnetic field; parabolic in a gravitational field.
The speed of a planet increases when the planet gets closer to the Sun. This is because:
the gravitational field of the Sun transfers potential energy to the planet, which causes a gain in the kinetic energy; hence, speed of the planet.
Galileo attempted to measure the speed of light in 1638. His conclusion was:
the speed of light was too fast to be measured by his method.