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in the ancient Middle East, a system of writing that used wedge-shaped marks
cuneiform
system of writing in which pictures called hieroglyphs represent objects, concepts, or sounds
hieroglyphics
triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers
delta
king of the Babylonian empire from 605 B.C. to 562 B.C.. He led several military campaigns, which expanded the empire to Aramea, Judah, and other cities. He rebuilt the city of Babylon and is credited with the construction of the famous Hanging Gardens.
Nebuchadnezzar
a holy day for rest and worship
What is the purpose of a ziggurat?
to keep the gods and goddesses happy
it helped make harder, sharper weapons
Who created the first number system?
Sumerians
Where did the world's first civilization develop?
Sumer
What did Egyptian artists typically portray pharaohs as?
extremely large human figurines
What made Hammurabi's Code so important?
What new war technology did the Hyksos invaders bring to Egypt?
horse-drawn war chariots
What idea did Persian thinker Zoroaster spread?
heaven, hell, and judgement day
What role in society did most people play in ancient Egypt?
peasant farmers
What was a Sumerian innovation that later civilizations built on?
cuneiform
From what god did the pharaohs receive the right to rule?
Amon-Re
Who do the Jews believe God gave the Ten Commandments through?
Moses
According to the Torah, who led the Israelites out of bondage in Egypt?
Moses
Who made a covenant with God in which Canaan was promised to the Hebrew people?
Abraham
What were the first five books of the Hebrew Bible known as?
the Torah
The skill of ironworking spread across Asia, Africa, and Europe through the migration of ironsmiths from what empire?
Hittite
The oldest-known peace treaty in history was an agreement between Egypt and who?
the Hittites
How did the beliefs of the Israelites differ from those of most nearby peoples?
they believed in one all-powerful god
Why was the god Osiris especially important to the Egyptians?
he was the god of the Nile
Who supervised the bureaucracy of Egypt's Old Kingdom?
the vizier