HTN

WHO

100

Name the compensatory response to a sudden decrease in BP (hint, think vasodilators)

reflex tachycardia

200

Name the two treatment options for hypotension (general)

IVFL, Vasopressors

300

Hypertensive Emergency is defined as a SBP > ___ and a DBP > ___

180, 120

400

In the treatment of HTN, this drugs class primarily reduces blood volume through urinary excretion of H2O & electrolytes

Diuretics

500

Dugs that affect RAAS do two primary things in the body

decrease BP and increase urine volume

WHAT

100

Secondary HTN accounts for ___% of all HTN cases

10%

200

First line for chronic HTN, this drug class bocks Ca ion channels in the heart, blood vessels or both

Ca Channel Blockers

300

Name the drug: this ARB may produce dizziness & fainting (encourage slow position change), hypoglycemia, angioedema and should not be taken with Grapefruit juice 

Losartan

400

Name the drug: this direct-acting vasodilator can cause reflex tachycardia and should be started at a low dose and GRADUALLY increased until therapeutic response met

Hydralazine

500

Name the drug class: acts on the RAAS, blocks the effects of angiotensin 2 AFTER it is formed, and affects both peripheral resistance and blood volume

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

WHERE

100

What is another name for Aldosterone antagonists

Potassium sparing diuretics

200

Verapamil is a ___ CCB whereas Nifedipine is a ___ CCB

nonselective (affects arterioles & heart), selective (affects arterioles)

300

Name the SBP and DBP for stage 1 HTN

130- 139, 80- 89

400

This enzyme is secreted by the kidneys and is later converted to angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 2 (via ACE)

Renin

500

Name the drug: This adrenergic antagonist should be given at bedtime to avoid hypotensive effects and is also indicated for use in BPH

Doxazosin (Cardura)

WHEN

100

Antihypertensive medication must be DCed gradually to prevent...

rebound HTN

200

Melatonin may increase BP and HR if taken with this Ca channel blocker

Nifedipine

300

Name the medication: this drug improves survival if given within 24 hours of MI, should never be taken during pregnancy, can increase serum potassium levels and NSAIDs can decrease its efficacy

Lisinopril

400

This drug is one of a kind, directly lowers plasma renin levels and should NOT be used in combo w/ ACEIs or ARBs in pts w/ serious CKD

Aliskiren

500

Name the 3 factors that contribute most to HTN

CO, PR, blood volume

WHY

100

Name 2 antihypertensives that are contraindicated in pregnancy 

Lisinopril, Losartan. Also accept- Aliskiren

200

Name the SBP and DBP range for stage 2 HTN

> 140, >90

300

Name the drug: This Ca channel blocker may cause a paradoxical increase in anginal pain and should be discontinued slowly to avoid rebound hypertension

Nifedipine (Procardia XL)

400

This drug class acts on the RAAS by blocking the effects of angiotensin 2; often used in combination w/ thiazide diuretics, it is notorious for angioedema

ACEIs (Lisinopril)

500

This hormone's primary action is to increase Na reabsorption in the kidney, this reabsorption ultimately causes the body to retain water increasing blood volume & BP

Aldosterone