Digestive System Basics
What is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules called?
Digestion
Digestion is a type of what that occurs when food is broken down into new molecules?
A chemical reaction
What is the first organ that starts digestion?
Mouth
What simple sugar (carbohydrate) is used for energy in cells?
Glucose
What gas do we inhale that is necessary for energy production?
Oxygen
Which organ is responsible for the absorption of most nutrients?
Small intestine
What is the primary reactant that breaks down starch into glucose?
Enzymes
What organ contains strong acids that help break down food?
Stomach
What organ system delivers oxygen to cells for energy production?
Respiratory System
What happens to fat molecules when the body needs energy but lacks food?
They are broken down and used for energy
What structures in the small intestine increase surface area for absorption?
Villi
What gas is released when food reacts with oxygen to produce energy?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What organ is responsible for absorbing water and forming solid waste?
Large intestine
What molecule is required to react with glucose in order to release energy?
Oxygen (O2)
How do chemical reactions inside the body help with growth?
They rearrange food molecules into new structures for growth and repair
What type of digestion occurs when enzymes break down food molecules?
Chemical digestion
What two molecules are the products of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water
What are the level of organization we have used to classify system in the body?
System--> Sub-System-->Organ-->Tissue-->Cells
What is the name of the process where food is converted into energy in cells?
Cellular respiration
If a chemical equation shows 7 molecules of carbon dioxide as a product, how many carbon atoms were in the reactants?
7
What is the main function of fiber in digestion?
Helps move waste through the digestive system and does not break down into small molecules
When food burns and energy is released, what happens to the mass of the food?
It decreases as carbon dioxide and water vapor are released into the air
What happens if the small intestine cannot properly absorb nutrients?
The body lacks energy and may lose weight (like Ember's condition)
What are the three main outputs (products) of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water, energy
What would happen if the digestive, circulatory, and respiratory systems didn’t work together?
Cells wouldn’t receive energy, and the body couldn’t function properly