Powertrain
What do bones do?
Provide structure to the body
Oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
Why is there a delay between what we see and what we do?
Our brain has to process and send out information before we can act
What is a receptor?
A cell that receives specific information
What is a stimulus?
A change the body can detect
What is a joint?
A place where two or more bones meet in the body
Increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, flushed face/getting red, soreness in muscles, etc.
What is a neuron?
A brain cell
What does pH measure?
How acidic or basic a substance is
Why do we need bones?
They provide a structure for muscles to connect to, otherwise we could not do anything with our muscles
What is cartilage?
A flexible tissue that helps protect joints and give structure to certain parts of the body
What carries oxygen to muscles?
Red blood cells
Electrical and chemical signals
Why do we get used to temperature over time?
Our receptors adapt to a specific condition, like being hot or cold
Give an example of something your body does when you tell it to and something your body does automatically.
When you tell it - moving a limb, speaking, big movements in general
Automatically - blinking, swallowing, breathing, changing your heart rate
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
Tendons - connect muscle to bone
Ligaments - connect bone to bone
How are arteries and veins different?
Arteries - carry blood AWAY from the heart
Veins - carry blood TOWARD the heart
Name a kind of sensory nerve.
Touch/pressure, temperature, taste and smell, location of body parts, sound, or pain
What is a feedback loop?
A test your body uses to help maintain internal conditions (test-> respond -> test again)
Explain muscle memory.
Something we learn to do automatically after a lot of repetition, like writing, typing, driving, or specific actions in sports
What is an antagonistic muscle pair?
A pair of muscles that move in opposite directions, like the biceps and triceps
Explain the difference between strength and cardiovascular endurance.
Strength represents the ability to use muscles over a short period of time, often for one movement. Cardiovascular endurance represents the ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen for long-term exercise, like running.
What is the main difference between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
CNS - brain and spinal cord, the "control center" of the body
PNS - every other nerve, the "communication network" of the body
What is homeostasis?
The process living things use to keep their internal environment stable
Why does our blood need to stay at a specific pH?
So that proteins keep their shape, allowing our red blood cells to keep moving oxygen around